Chondrosarcoma physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Patients with chondrosarcoma usually appear lethargic and emaciated. Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for palpable mass, tenderness and decreased range of motion.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, and decreased range of motion.
Appearance of the Patient
Vital Signs
- Vital signs are generally within normal limit, but patients with metastasis may present the following vital signs:[2]
- Low-grade fever
- Decreased SPO2
- Tachypnea
- Tachycardia
- Low blood pressure
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with chondrsarcoam is usually normal, but patients with metastasis may present the following:
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with chondrosarcoma include:[1]
- Icteric sclera
- Palpable mass if chondrosarcoma arises from skull
- Tenderness
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal, but patients with metastasis may present the following:
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal, but patients with lung metastasis may present the following:[2]
- Decreased chest expansion
- Lungs are hyporesonant
- Decreased or absent breath sounds
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
Back
- Back examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal
- However, chondrosarcoma arising from pelvis may cause bowel obstruction leading to tender abdomen.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
However, chondrosarcoma arising from pelvis may cause bowel obstruction leading to tenderness in lower abdomen and urinary incontinence.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
Extremities
- Extremities examination of patients with chondrosarcoma includes:[3][4][5]
- Clubbing
- Cyanosis
- Edema
- Palpable mass
- Tenderness
- Decreased range of motion
- Involvement of adjacent structures such as peripheral nerves or veins present as weakness, numbness and muscle wasting.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lex JR, Evans S, Stevenson JD, Parry M, Jeys LM, Grimer RJ (2018). "Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the pelvis: clinical outcomes and current treatment". Clin Sarcoma Res. 8: 23. doi:10.1186/s13569-018-0110-1. PMC 6293503. PMID 30559960.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Raymond E, L'Her P, Jeanbourquin D, Schill H, Jancovici R, Daly JP; et al. (1993). "[Chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall. Review of the literature apropos of 4 cases]". Rev Pneumol Clin. 49 (1): 19–25. PMID 8378694.
- ↑ Peabody, Terrance (2014). Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system. Cham: Springer. ISBN 9783319073224.
- ↑ Czerniak, Bogdan (2016). Dorfman and Czerniak's bone tumors. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 9780323023962.
- ↑ Weber KL, Raymond AK (2002). "Low-grade/dedifferentiated/high-grade chondrosarcoma: a case of histological and biological progression". Iowa Orthop J. 22: 75–80. PMC 1888368. PMID 12180616.