Dextrocardia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: José Eduardo Riceto Loyola Junior, M.D.[2]
Overview
Prognosis is generally good if dextrocardia is the only diagnosis. If it is associated with other cardiac defects, it depends on those other defects.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- Dextrocardia alone is usually asymptomatic.
- Kartagener syndrome usually presents with dextrocardia. It usually evolves with chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis due to the multiple infections that develop as a consequence of the ciliary dyskinesia.[1]
- Patients presenting with heterotaxy may have other congenital disorders affecting the abdominal organs such as intestinal malrotation (which may present with obstruction), venous abnormalities, anomalous pulmonary venous connections, and asplenia (which may develop encapsulated organisms infection).[2]
Complications
- The complications seen in patients with dextrocardia are predominantly from the complex cardiac and extra-cardiac anomalies associated with dextrocardia.[3]
- These complications may include, depending on the associated cardiac defects: failure to thrive, congestive heart failure, respiratory distress, infections mainly from encapsulated organisms if associated with asplenia, infertility (if associated with Kartagener), intestinal malrotation, recurret sinusitis (if Kartagener).[4]
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally good if dextrocardia is the only diagnosis. If it is associated with other cardiac defects, it depends on those other defects.[5][4]
References
- ↑ Queiroz RM, Filho FB (2018). "Kartagener's syndrome". Pan Afr Med J. 29: 160. doi:10.11604/pamj.2018.29.160.14927. PMC 6057558. PMID 30050624.
- ↑ Wolla CD, Hlavacek AM, Schoepf UJ, Bucher AM, Chowdhury S (2013). "Cardiovascular manifestations of heterotaxy and related situs abnormalities assessed with CT angiography". J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 7 (6): 408–16. doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2013.11.008. PMC 3947807. PMID 24331937.
- ↑ Offen S, Jackson D, Canniffe C, Choudhary P, Celermajer DS (2016). "Dextrocardia in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease". Heart Lung Circ. 25 (4): 352–7. doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2015.09.003. PMID 26541676.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 32310534 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Marta MJ, Falcão LM, Saavedra JA, Ravara L (2003). "A case of complete situs inversus". Rev Port Cardiol. 22 (1): 91–104. PMID 12712813.