Endometrial hyperplasia risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of endometrial hyperplasia include age>35 years, white race, nulliparity, late menopause, early menarche, tamoxifen therapy, obesity, Lynch syndrome, history of diabetes, gallbladder disease, or thyroid disease, and family history of ovarian, colon, or uterine cancers.
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of endometrial hyperplasia include the following:[1][2] [3][4][5][6][7][8]
- Age (>than 35 years)
- White race
- Nulliparity
- Late menopause (age > 55)
- Early menarche
- History of diabetes mellitus, gallbladder disease, or thyroid disease
- Obesity
- Tamoxifen therapy
- Family history of ovarian, colon, or uterine cancer
- Lynch syndrome
- Smoking
- Menopausual hormonal therapy
References
- ↑ Endometrial Hyperplasia. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Endometrial-Hyperplasia. Accessedon March 3, 2016.
- ↑ Amant, Frederic; Moerman, Philippe; Neven, Patrick; Timmerman, Dirk; Van Limbergen, Erik; Vergote, Ignace (2005). "Endometrial cancer". The Lancet. 366 (9484): 491–505. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67063-8. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Baanders-van Halewyn EA, Blankenstein MA, Thijssen JH, de Ridder CM, de Waard F (April 1996). "A comparative study of risk factors for hyperplasia and cancer of the endometrium". Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 5 (2): 105–12. PMID 8736077.
- ↑ Kreiger, Nancy; Marrett, Loraine D.; Clarke, E. Aileen; Hilditch, Shelly; Woolever, C. Allan (1986). "RISK FACTORS FOR ADENOMATOUS ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY". American Journal of Epidemiology. 123 (2): 291–301. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114237. ISSN 1476-6256.
- ↑ Farquhar, C.M.; Lethaby, A.; Sowter, M.; Verry, J.; Baranyai, J. (1999). "An evaluation of risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia in premenopausal women with abnormal menstrual bleeding". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 181 (3): 525–529. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70487-4. ISSN 0002-9378.
- ↑ Weber, A (1999). "Risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer among women with abnormal bleeding". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 93 (4): 594–598. doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00469-4. ISSN 0029-7844.
- ↑ Epplein, M.; Reed, S. D.; Voigt, L. F.; Newton, K. M.; Holt, V. L.; Weiss, N. S. (2008). "Risk of Complex and Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia in Relation to Anthropometric Measures and Reproductive History". American Journal of Epidemiology. 168 (6): 563–570. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn168. ISSN 0002-9262.
- ↑ Gredmark, Thomas; Kvint, Sonja; Havel, Guillaume; Mattsson, Lars-Åke (1999). "Adipose Tissue Distribution in Postmenopausal Women with Adenomatous Hyperplasia of the Endometrium". Gynecologic Oncology. 72 (2): 138–142. doi:10.1006/gyno.1998.5252. ISSN 0090-8258.