The nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 also known as thyroid-hormone- and retinoic-acid-receptor-associated co-repressor 1 (TRAC-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCOR1gene.[1][2]
NCOR1 is a transcriptional coregulatory protein which contains several nuclear receptor interacting domains. In addition, NCOR1 appears to recruit histone deacetylases to DNA promoter regions. Hence NCOR1 assists nuclear receptors in the down regulation of gene expression.[1][3]
Loss of function of this protein significantly increases the strength and power of mouse muscles.[4]
It is a member of the family of nuclear receptor corepressors; the other human protein that is a member of that family is Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2.[5]
Interactions
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 has been shown to interact with:
↑ 1.01.1Hörlein AJ, Näär AM, Heinzel T, Torchia J, Gloss B, Kurokawa R, Ryan A, Kamei Y, Söderström M, Glass CK (October 1995). "Ligand-independent repression by the thyroid hormone receptor mediated by a nuclear receptor co-repressor". Nature. 377 (6548): 397–404. doi:10.1038/377397a0. PMID7566114.
↑Masiello D, Chen SY, Xu Y, Verhoeven MC, Choi E, Hollenberg AN, Balk SP (October 2004). "Recruitment of beta-catenin by wild-type or mutant androgen receptors correlates with ligand-stimulated growth of prostate cancer cells". Mol. Endocrinol. 18 (10): 2388–401. doi:10.1210/me.2003-0436. PMID15256534.
↑Song LN, Coghlan M, Gelmann EP (January 2004). "Antiandrogen effects of mifepristone on coactivator and corepressor interactions with the androgen receptor". Mol. Endocrinol. 18 (1): 70–85. doi:10.1210/me.2003-0189. PMID14593076.
↑Cheng S, Brzostek S, Lee SR, Hollenberg AN, Balk SP (July 2002). "Inhibition of the dihydrotestosterone-activated androgen receptor by nuclear receptor corepressor". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (7): 1492–501. doi:10.1210/mend.16.7.0870. PMID12089345.
↑Hodgson MC, Astapova I, Cheng S, Lee LJ, Verhoeven MC, Choi E, Balk SP, Hollenberg AN (February 2005). "The androgen receptor recruits nuclear receptor CoRepressor (N-CoR) in the presence of mifepristone via its N and C termini revealing a novel molecular mechanism for androgen receptor antagonists". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (8): 6511–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M408972200. PMID15598662.
↑Tai HH, Geisterfer M, Bell JC, Moniwa M, Davie JR, Boucher L, McBurney MW (August 2003). "CHD1 associates with NCoR and histone deacetylase as well as with RNA splicing proteins". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308 (1): 170–6. doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01354-8. PMID12890497.
↑Puccetti E, Obradovic D, Beissert T, Bianchini A, Washburn B, Chiaradonna F, Boehrer S, Hoelzer D, Ottmann OG, Pelicci PG, Nervi C, Ruthardt M (December 2002). "AML-associated translocation products block vitamin D(3)-induced differentiation by sequestering the vitamin D(3) receptor". Cancer Res. 62 (23): 7050–8. PMID12460926.
↑Tagami T, Lutz WH, Kumar R, Jameson JL (December 1998). "The interaction of the vitamin D receptor with nuclear receptor corepressors and coactivators". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 253 (2): 358–63. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9799. PMID9878542.
↑ 13.013.113.213.313.4Zhang J, Kalkum M, Chait BT, Roeder RG (March 2002). "The N-CoR-HDAC3 nuclear receptor corepressor complex inhibits the JNK pathway through the integral subunit GPS2". Mol. Cell. 9 (3): 611–23. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00468-9. PMID11931768.
↑ 14.014.114.214.3Yoon HG, Chan DW, Reynolds AB, Qin J, Wong J (September 2003). "N-CoR mediates DNA methylation-dependent repression through a methyl CpG binding protein Kaiso". Mol. Cell. 12 (3): 723–34. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2003.08.008. PMID14527417.
↑Stevens A, Garside H, Berry A, Waters C, White A, Ray D (May 2003). "Dissociation of steroid receptor coactivator 1 and nuclear receptor corepressor recruitment to the human glucocorticoid receptor by modification of the ligand-receptor interface: the role of tyrosine 735". Mol. Endocrinol. 17 (5): 845–59. doi:10.1210/me.2002-0320. PMID12569182.
↑Schulz M, Eggert M, Baniahmad A, Dostert A, Heinzel T, Renkawitz R (July 2002). "RU486-induced glucocorticoid receptor agonism is controlled by the receptor N terminus and by corepressor binding". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (29): 26238–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203268200. PMID12011091.
↑ 18.018.1Fischle W, Dequiedt F, Fillion M, Hendzel MJ, Voelter W, Verdin E (September 2001). "Human HDAC7 histone deacetylase activity is associated with HDAC3 in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (38): 35826–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104935200. PMID11466315.
↑Baek SH, Ohgi KA, Rose DW, Koo EH, Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG (July 2002). "Exchange of N-CoR corepressor and Tip60 coactivator complexes links gene expression by NF-kappaB and beta-amyloid precursor protein". Cell. 110 (1): 55–67. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00809-7. PMID12150997.
↑Kokura K, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Nomura T, Khan MM, Shinagawa T, Yasukawa T, Colmenares C, Ishii S (September 2001). "The Ski protein family is required for MeCP2-mediated transcriptional repression". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (36): 34115–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105747200. PMID11441023.
↑ 27.027.127.2Dowell P, Ishmael JE, Avram D, Peterson VJ, Nevrivy DJ, Leid M (May 1999). "Identification of nuclear receptor corepressor as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha interacting protein". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (22): 15901–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15901. PMID10336495.
↑Khan MM, Nomura T, Kim H, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, Shinagawa T, Ichikawa-Iwata E, Zhong S, Pandolfi PP, Ishii S (June 2001). "Role of PML and PML-RARalpha in Mad-mediated transcriptional repression". Mol. Cell. 7 (6): 1233–43. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00257-x. PMID11430826.
↑Guidez F, Ivins S, Zhu J, Söderström M, Waxman S, Zelent A (April 1998). "Reduced retinoic acid-sensitivities of nuclear receptor corepressor binding to PML- and PLZF-RARalpha underlie molecular pathogenesis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia". Blood. 91 (8): 2634–42. PMID9531570.
↑Laherty CD, Billin AN, Lavinsky RM, Yochum GS, Bush AC, Sun JM, Mullen TM, Davie JR, Rose DW, Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG, Ayer DE, Eisenman RN (July 1998). "SAP30, a component of the mSin3 corepressor complex involved in N-CoR-mediated repression by specific transcription factors". Mol. Cell. 2 (1): 33–42. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80111-2. PMID9702189.
Minucci S, Pelicci PG (1999). "Retinoid receptors in health and disease: co-regulators and the chromatin connection". Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 10 (2): 215–25. doi:10.1006/scdb.1999.0303. PMID10441075.
Burke LJ, Downes M, Laudet V, Muscat GE (1998). "Identification and characterization of a novel corepressor interaction region in RVR and Rev-erbA alpha". Mol. Endocrinol. 12 (2): 248–62. doi:10.1210/me.12.2.248. PMID9482666.
Guidez F, Ivins S, Zhu J, Söderström M, Waxman S, Zelent A (1998). "Reduced retinoic acid-sensitivities of nuclear receptor corepressor binding to PML- and PLZF-RARalpha underlie molecular pathogenesis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia". Blood. 91 (8): 2634–42. PMID9531570.
Laherty CD, Billin AN, Lavinsky RM, Yochum GS, Bush AC, Sun JM, Mullen TM, Davie JR, Rose DW, Glass CK, Rosenfeld MG, Ayer DE, Eisenman RN (1998). "SAP30, a component of the mSin3 corepressor complex involved in N-CoR-mediated repression by specific transcription factors". Mol. Cell. 2 (1): 33–42. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80111-2. PMID9702189.
Dowell P, Ishmael JE, Avram D, Peterson VJ, Nevrivy DJ, Leid M (1999). "Identification of nuclear receptor corepressor as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha interacting protein". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (22): 15901–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15901. PMID10336495.
Boutell JM, Thomas P, Neal JW, Weston VJ, Duce J, Harper PS, Jones AL (2000). "Aberrant interactions of transcriptional repressor proteins with the Huntington's disease gene product, huntingtin". Hum. Mol. Genet. 8 (9): 1647–55. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.9.1647. PMID10441327.
Nagaya T, Chen KS, Fujieda M, Ohmori S, Richer JK, Horwitz KB, Lupski JR, Seo H (1999). "Localization of the human nuclear receptor corepressor (hN-CoR) gene between the CMT1A and the SMS critical regions of chromosome 17p11.2". Genomics. 59 (3): 339–41. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5694. PMID10444336.
Kikuno R, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O (1999). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 6 (3): 197–205. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.3.197. PMID10470851.
Hu X, Lazar MA (1999). "The CoRNR motif controls the recruitment of corepressors by nuclear hormone receptors". Nature. 402 (6757): 93–6. doi:10.1038/47069. PMID10573424.
Morohoshi F, Mitani S, Mitsuhashi N, Kitabayashi I, Takahashi E, Suzuki M, Munakata N, Ohki M (2000). "Structure and expression pattern of a human MTG8/ETO family gene, MTGR1". Gene. 241 (2): 287–95. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00481-3. PMID10675041.
Masselink H, Bernards R (2000). "The adenovirus E1A binding protein BS69 is a corepressor of transcription through recruitment of N-CoR". Oncogene. 19 (12): 1538–46. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203421. PMID10734313.