Spina bifida epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
The incidence of spina bifida is approximately 3.5 per 10,000 live births per year in the U.S. The prevalence of spina bifida is approximately 187 to 890 per 100,000 live births. Before 1960, the case-mortality rate of all forms of spina bifida was 90% to 88%. Now the mortality rate is approximately is 10.1%. The overall ventriculoperitoneal shunt requirement rate is 33.8%. The paraplegia rate is 30.7%. The neurogenic bladder rate is 51.6%. The infection rate is 6.4% after the surgical procedure. Spina bifida is more commonly observed among preterm newborns. Spina bifida usually affects individuals of the Malays and Chinese and Indians race. Female are more commonly affected by than male. The male\male+female ratio is approximately 42%.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
The incidence of spina bifida is approximately 3.5 per 10,000 live births per year in the U.S.[1][2]
Prevalence
The prevalence of spina bifida is approximately 187 to 890 per 100,000 live births.[3]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- Before 1960, the case-mortality rate of all forms of spina bifida was 90% to 88%.[4]
- In all patients with neural tube defects including spina bifida:[5]
- Now the mortality rate is approximately is 10.1%.
- The overall ventriculoperitoneal shunt requirement rate is 33.8%.
- The paraplegia rate is 30.7%.
- The neurogenic bladder rate is 51.6%.
- The infection rate is 6.4% after the surgical procedure.
Age
Spina bifida is more commonly observed among preterm newborns.[6]
Race
- Spina bifida usually affects individuals of the Malays and Chinese and Indians race.[3]
Gender
- Female are more commonly affected by than male. The male\male+female ratio is approximately 42%.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bass SW, Triolo AJ, Coon JM (August 1972). "Effect of DDT on the toxicity and metabolism of parathion in mice". Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 22 (4): 684–93. PMID 5045772.
- ↑ Parker SE, Mai CT, Canfield MA, Rickard R, Wang Y, Meyer RE, Anderson P, Mason CA, Collins JS, Kirby RS, Correa A (December 2010). "Updated National Birth Prevalence estimates for selected birth defects in the United States, 2004-2006". Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol. 88 (12): 1008–16. doi:10.1002/bdra.20735. PMID 20878909.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Csaba G, Körösi J (1968). "A new antitumour agent: phenazathionium-mustard salt". Neoplasma. 15 (4): 443–5. PMID 5684468.
- ↑ Lorber J (June 1971). "Results of treatment of myelomeningocele. An analysis of 524 unselected cases, with special reference to possible selection for treatment". Dev Med Child Neurol. 13 (3): 279–303. PMID 4937369.
- ↑ Carreras y Matas M (1971). "[Strabismic sensorial perversions as a cause of secondary vertical deviation]". Rev Esp Otoneurooftalmol Neurocir (in Spanish; Castilian). 29 (172): 361–3. PMID 5141554.
- ↑ Bannur BB, Purandare GM (February 1969). "Microbial production of L-lysine". Hindustan Antibiot Bull. 11 (3): 191–205. PMID 4898641.