Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The symptoms of SIADH can occur at any age. If left untreated, it can lead to complications, such as confusion, seizures, stupor, and coma. Some of the complications of SIADH treatment are include cerebral edema and central pontine myelinolysis, which are seen with rapid sodium correction. The prognosis of SIADH depends primarily on its cause. If the cause is medications, SIADH usually improves after discontinuing the medications. SIADH secondary to an infection, improves with the treatment of the infection. SIADH secondary to cancers, has poor outcome. Patients with SIADH have different signs, symptoms and prognosis depending on the etiology of SIADH. Serum sodium concentration at short-term follow-up is predictive of long-term survival.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• The symptoms of SIADH can occur at any age.

Complications

• complications of SIADH include:
  • Confusion
  • Seizure
  • Stupor
  • Coma
• Some of the complications of SIADH treatment are include:
  • Cerebral edema
  • Central pontine myelinolysis

Prognosis

• The prognosis of SIADH depends primarily on its cause.
  • If the cause is medications, SIADH usually improves after discontinuing the medication.
  • SIADH secondary to an infection, improves with the treatment of the infection.
  • SIADH secondary to cancers, has poor outcome.
  • Patients with SIADH have different signs, symptoms and prognosis depending on the etiology of SIADH. Serum sodium concentration at short-term follow-up is predictive of long-term survival. Rapid correction of serum sodium concentration can lead to various complications.