Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective

	Transitional cell carcinoma Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Transitional cell carcinoma from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Staging
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Cystoscopy and Bladder Biopsy
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective
CDC on Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective
Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective in the news
Blogs on Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective
Directions to Hospitals Treating Transitional cell carcinoma
Risk calculators and risk factors for Transitional cell carcinoma historical perspective

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD [2]

Overview

In 1922, Broders et al introduced a grading system based on the portion of undifferentiated urothelial cells.the system observed both bladder urothelium changes over time and prognosis.^[1]
In 1931, Aschner classified tumors of the bladder as papillary vs solid. by adding up to invasion existence, he found that disease prognosis is poor with solid tumors.^[2]
In 1944, Jewett and Strong proved a relation between depth of penetration (stage) to the incidence of local extension and metastases.^[3]
In 1948, McDonald and Thompson proved that there is a co-relation between vascular and lymphatic invasion.they also figured a direct relation between these findings and prognosis.^[4]
In 1952, Jewett-Marshall-Strong redefined the staging system,to be based on bimanual palpation and biopsy into sub-stages: 0, A and B1 and B2 and C (2).
Continuing his studies in 1956 Marshall established gradation of tumor and its staging.^[5]

The following are a few famous cases of [disease name]:

↑ Macvicar, A.D. (2002). "Bladder cancer staging". BJU International. 86: 111–122. doi:10.1046/j.1464-410X.2000.00589.x. ISSN 1464-4096.
↑ Kretschmer, Herman L. (1924). "Primary Carcinoma of the Ureter". Journal of Urology. 11 (6): 573–580. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)73709-3. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Gospodarowicz, Mary K.; Hawkins, N.V.; Rawlings, G.A.; Connolly, J.G.; Jewett, M.A.S.; Thomas, G.M.; Herman, J.G.; Garrett, P.G.; Chua, T.; Duncan, W.; Buckspan, M.; Sugar, L.; Rider, W.D. (1989). "Radical Radiotherapy for Muscle Invasive Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Failure Analysis". Journal of Urology. 142 (6): 1448–1453. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39122-X. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Dimmette, Comdr. Robert M.; Sproat, Major Harry F.; Sayegh, Emile S. (1956). "The Classification of Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder Associated with Schistosomiasis and Metaplasia". Journal of Urology. 75 (4): 680–686. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(17)66863-0. ISSN 0022-5347.
↑ Leder, R A; Dunnick, N R (1990). "Transitional cell carcinoma of the pelvicalices and ureter". American Journal of Roentgenology. 155 (4): 713–722. doi:10.2214/ajr.155.4.2119098. ISSN 0361-803X.