UBE2D1: Difference between revisions
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{{ | '''Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D1''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''UBE2D1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid10072594">{{cite journal | vauthors = Robinson PA, Leek JP, Ardley HC, Thompson J, Rose SA, Markham AF | title = Assignment of UBE2D1 to human chromosome bands 10q11.2→q21 by in situ hybridization | journal = Cytogenet Cell Genet | volume = 83 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 247–8 | date = March 1999 | pmid = 10072594 | pmc = | doi = 10.1159/000015195 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8530467">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jensen JP, Bates PW, Yang M, Vierstra RD, Weissman AM | title = Identification of a family of closely related human ubiquitin conjugating enzymes | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 270 | issue = 51 | pages = 30408–14 | date = January 1996 | pmid = 8530467 | pmc = | doi = 10.1074/jbc.270.51.30408 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: UBE2D1 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 1 (UBC4/5 homolog, yeast)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7321| accessdate = }}</ref> | ||
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== Function == | |||
The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, or E1s, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, or E2s, and ubiquitin-protein ligases, or E3s. This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. This enzyme is closely related to a stimulator of iron transport (SFT), and is up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis. It also functions in the ubiquitination of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 and the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1alpha by interacting with the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases.<ref name="entrez"/> | |||
== | == Interactions == | ||
{{protein- | UBE2D1 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with: | ||
{{ | * [[BARD1]],<ref name = pmid12485996>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mallery DL, Vandenberg CJ, Hiom K | title = Activation of the E3 ligase function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex by polyubiquitin chains | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 21 | issue = 24 | pages = 6755–62 | date = Dec 2002 | pmid = 12485996 | pmc = 139111 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/cdf691}}</ref><ref name = pmid12438698>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kentsis A, Gordon RE, Borden KL | title = Control of biochemical reactions through supramolecular RING domain self-assembly | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 99 | issue = 24 | pages = 15404–9 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12438698 | pmc = 137729 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.202608799 }}</ref><ref name = pmid11927591>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen A, Kleiman FE, Manley JL, Ouchi T, Pan ZQ | title = Autoubiquitination of the BRCA1*BARD1 RING ubiquitin ligase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 24 | pages = 22085–92 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 11927591 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M201252200 }}</ref><ref name = pmid14636569>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dong Y, Hakimi MA, Chen X, Kumaraswamy E, Cooch NS, Godwin AK, Shiekhattar R | title = Regulation of BRCC, a holoenzyme complex containing BRCA1 and BRCA2, by a signalosome-like subunit and its role in DNA repair | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 12 | issue = 5 | pages = 1087–99 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14636569 | doi = 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00424-6}}</ref><ref name = pmid15184379>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sato K, Hayami R, Wu W, Nishikawa T, Nishikawa H, Okuda Y, Ogata H, Fukuda M, Ohta T | title = Nucleophosmin/B23 is a candidate substrate for the BRCA1-BARD1 ubiquitin ligase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 279 | issue = 30 | pages = 30919–22 | date = July 2004 | pmid = 15184379 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C400169200 }}</ref><ref name = pmid12890688>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu-Baer F, Lagrazon K, Yuan W, Baer R | title = The BRCA1/BARD1 heterodimer assembles polyubiquitin chains through an unconventional linkage involving lysine residue K6 of ubiquitin | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 37 | pages = 34743–6 | date = September 2003 | pmid = 12890688 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C300249200 }}</ref><ref name = pmid12887909>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vandenberg CJ, Gergely F, Ong CY, Pace P, Mallery DL, Hiom K, Patel KJ | title = BRCA1-independent ubiquitination of FANCD2 | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 247–54 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12887909 | doi = 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00281-8}}</ref><ref name = pmid11278247>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hashizume R, Fukuda M, Maeda I, Nishikawa H, Oyake D, Yabuki Y, Ogata H, Ohta T | title = The RING heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 is a ubiquitin ligase inactivated by a breast cancer-derived mutation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 18 | pages = 14537–40 | date = May 2001 | pmid = 11278247 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C000881200 }}</ref> | ||
* [[BRCA1]],<ref name = pmid12485996/><ref name = pmid12438698/><ref name = pmid11927591/><ref name = pmid14636569/><ref name = pmid15184379/><ref name = pmid12890688/><ref name = pmid12887909/><ref name = pmid11278247/><ref name = pmid12732733>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brzovic PS, Keeffe JR, Nishikawa H, Miyamoto K, Fox D, Fukuda M, Ohta T, Klevit R | title = Binding and recognition in the assembly of an active BRCA1/BARD1 ubiquitin-ligase complex | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 100 | issue = 10 | pages = 5646–51 | date = May 2003 | pmid = 12732733 | pmc = 156255 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0836054100 }}</ref><ref name = pmid14638690>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nishikawa H, Ooka S, Sato K, Arima K, Okamoto J, Klevit RE, Fukuda M, Ohta T | title = Mass spectrometric and mutational analyses reveal Lys-6-linked polyubiquitin chains catalyzed by BRCA1-BARD1 ubiquitin ligase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 279 | issue = 6 | pages = 3916–24 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 14638690 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M308540200 }}</ref> and | |||
* [[UBE3A]].<ref name = pmid8576257>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nuber U, Schwarz S, Kaiser P, Schneider R, Scheffner M | title = Cloning of human ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UbcH6 and UbcH7 (E2-F1) and characterization of their interaction with E6-AP and RSP5 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 271 | issue = 5 | pages = 2795–800 | date = February 1996 | pmid = 8576257 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.5.2795}}</ref><ref name = pmid10066826>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nuber U, Scheffner M | title = Identification of determinants in E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes required for hect E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase interaction | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 11 | pages = 7576–82 | date = March 1999 | pmid = 10066826 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.11.7576}}</ref> | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
== Further reading == | |||
{{Refbegin | 2}} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Scheffner M, Huibregtse JM, Howley PM | title = Identification of a human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that mediates the E6-AP-dependent ubiquitination of p53 | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 91 | issue = 19 | pages = 8797–801 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8090726 | pmc = 44693 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.91.19.8797 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB | title = Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery | journal = Genome Res. | volume = 6 | issue = 9 | pages = 791–806 | year = 1997 | pmid = 8889548 | doi = 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hatakeyama S, Jensen JP, Weissman AM | title = Subcellular localization and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) interactions of mammalian HECT family ubiquitin protein ligases | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 24 | pages = 15085–92 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9182527 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.24.15085 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gutierrez JA, Yu J, Rivera S, Wessling-Resnick M | title = Functional Expression Cloning and Characterization of SFT, a Stimulator of Fe Transport | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 139 | issue = 4 | pages = 895–905 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9362508 | pmc = 2139974 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.139.4.895 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gutierrez JA, Yu J, Wessling-Resnick M | title = Characterization and chromosomal mapping of the human gene for SFT, a stimulator of Fe transport | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 253 | issue = 3 | pages = 739–42 | year = 1999 | pmid = 9918797 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9836 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nuber U, Scheffner M | title = Identification of determinants in E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes required for hect E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase interaction | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 11 | pages = 7576–82 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10066826 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.11.7576 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kamura T, Sato S, Iwai K, Czyzyk-Krzeska M, Conaway RC, Conaway JW | title = Activation of HIF1α ubiquitination by a reconstituted von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor complex | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 97 | issue = 19 | pages = 10430–5 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10973499 | pmc = 27041 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.190332597 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Pringa E, Martinez-Noel G, Muller U, Harbers K | title = Interaction of the ring finger-related U-box motif of a nuclear dot protein with ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 22 | pages = 19617–23 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11274149 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M100192200 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hashizume R, Fukuda M, Maeda I, Nishikawa H, Oyake D, Yabuki Y, Ogata H, Ohta T | title = The RING heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 is a ubiquitin ligase inactivated by a breast cancer-derived mutation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 18 | pages = 14537–40 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11278247 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.C000881200 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Matsuzawa SI, Reed JC | title = Siah-1, SIP, and Ebi collaborate in a novel pathway for beta-catenin degradation linked to p53 responses | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 7 | issue = 5 | pages = 915–26 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11389839 | doi = 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00242-8 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jiang J, Ballinger CA, Wu Y, Dai Q, Cyr DM, Höhfeld J, Patterson C | title = CHIP is a U-box-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase: identification of Hsc70 as a target for ubiquitylation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 46 | pages = 42938–44 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11557750 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M101968200 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chen A, Kleiman FE, Manley JL, Ouchi T, Pan ZQ | title = Autoubiquitination of the BRCA1*BARD1 RING ubiquitin ligase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 24 | pages = 22085–92 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11927591 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M201252200 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Badciong JC, Haas AL | title = MdmX is a RING finger ubiquitin ligase capable of synergistically enhancing Mdm2 ubiquitination | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 51 | pages = 49668–75 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12393902 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M208593200 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kentsis A, Gordon RE, Borden KL | title = Control of biochemical reactions through supramolecular RING domain self-assembly | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 99 | issue = 24 | pages = 15404–9 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12438698 | pmc = 137729 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.202608799 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gehrke SG, Riedel HD, Herrmann T, Hadaschik B, Bents K, Veltkamp C, Stremmel W | title = UbcH5A, a member of human E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, is closely related to SFT, a stimulator of iron transport, and is up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis | journal = Blood | volume = 101 | issue = 8 | pages = 3288–93 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12480712 | doi = 10.1182/blood-2002-07-2192 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mallery DL, Vandenberg CJ, Hiom K | title = Activation of the E3 ligase function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex by polyubiquitin chains | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 21 | issue = 24 | pages = 6755–62 | year = 2004 | pmid = 12485996 | pmc = 139111 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/cdf691 }} | |||
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Takeyama K, Aguiar RC, Gu L, He C, Freeman GJ, Kutok JL, Aster JC, Shipp MA | title = The BAL-binding protein BBAP and related Deltex family members exhibit ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligase activity | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 24 | pages = 21930–7 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12670957 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M301157200 }} | |||
{{Refend}} | |||
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=7321}} | |||
{{Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes}} |
Latest revision as of 09:31, 17 September 2017
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External IDs | GeneCards: [1] | ||||||
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Species | Human | Mouse | |||||
Entrez |
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Ensembl |
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UniProt |
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RefSeq (mRNA) |
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RefSeq (protein) |
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Location (UCSC) | n/a | n/a | |||||
PubMed search | n/a | n/a | |||||
Wikidata | |||||||
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Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2D1 gene.[1][2][3]
Function
The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, or E1s, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, or E2s, and ubiquitin-protein ligases, or E3s. This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. This enzyme is closely related to a stimulator of iron transport (SFT), and is up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis. It also functions in the ubiquitination of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 and the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1alpha by interacting with the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases.[3]
Interactions
UBE2D1 has been shown to interact with:
References
- ↑ Robinson PA, Leek JP, Ardley HC, Thompson J, Rose SA, Markham AF (March 1999). "Assignment of UBE2D1 to human chromosome bands 10q11.2→q21 by in situ hybridization". Cytogenet Cell Genet. 83 (3–4): 247–8. doi:10.1159/000015195. PMID 10072594.
- ↑ Jensen JP, Bates PW, Yang M, Vierstra RD, Weissman AM (January 1996). "Identification of a family of closely related human ubiquitin conjugating enzymes". J Biol Chem. 270 (51): 30408–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.51.30408. PMID 8530467.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: UBE2D1 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 1 (UBC4/5 homolog, yeast)".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mallery DL, Vandenberg CJ, Hiom K (Dec 2002). "Activation of the E3 ligase function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex by polyubiquitin chains". EMBO J. 21 (24): 6755–62. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf691. PMC 139111. PMID 12485996.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kentsis A, Gordon RE, Borden KL (November 2002). "Control of biochemical reactions through supramolecular RING domain self-assembly". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (24): 15404–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.202608799. PMC 137729. PMID 12438698.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Chen A, Kleiman FE, Manley JL, Ouchi T, Pan ZQ (June 2002). "Autoubiquitination of the BRCA1*BARD1 RING ubiquitin ligase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (24): 22085–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201252200. PMID 11927591.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dong Y, Hakimi MA, Chen X, Kumaraswamy E, Cooch NS, Godwin AK, Shiekhattar R (November 2003). "Regulation of BRCC, a holoenzyme complex containing BRCA1 and BRCA2, by a signalosome-like subunit and its role in DNA repair". Mol. Cell. 12 (5): 1087–99. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00424-6. PMID 14636569.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Sato K, Hayami R, Wu W, Nishikawa T, Nishikawa H, Okuda Y, Ogata H, Fukuda M, Ohta T (July 2004). "Nucleophosmin/B23 is a candidate substrate for the BRCA1-BARD1 ubiquitin ligase". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (30): 30919–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.C400169200. PMID 15184379.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Wu-Baer F, Lagrazon K, Yuan W, Baer R (September 2003). "The BRCA1/BARD1 heterodimer assembles polyubiquitin chains through an unconventional linkage involving lysine residue K6 of ubiquitin". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (37): 34743–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.C300249200. PMID 12890688.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Vandenberg CJ, Gergely F, Ong CY, Pace P, Mallery DL, Hiom K, Patel KJ (July 2003). "BRCA1-independent ubiquitination of FANCD2". Mol. Cell. 12 (1): 247–54. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00281-8. PMID 12887909.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Hashizume R, Fukuda M, Maeda I, Nishikawa H, Oyake D, Yabuki Y, Ogata H, Ohta T (May 2001). "The RING heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 is a ubiquitin ligase inactivated by a breast cancer-derived mutation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (18): 14537–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000881200. PMID 11278247.
- ↑ Brzovic PS, Keeffe JR, Nishikawa H, Miyamoto K, Fox D, Fukuda M, Ohta T, Klevit R (May 2003). "Binding and recognition in the assembly of an active BRCA1/BARD1 ubiquitin-ligase complex". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (10): 5646–51. doi:10.1073/pnas.0836054100. PMC 156255. PMID 12732733.
- ↑ Nishikawa H, Ooka S, Sato K, Arima K, Okamoto J, Klevit RE, Fukuda M, Ohta T (February 2004). "Mass spectrometric and mutational analyses reveal Lys-6-linked polyubiquitin chains catalyzed by BRCA1-BARD1 ubiquitin ligase". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (6): 3916–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308540200. PMID 14638690.
- ↑ Nuber U, Schwarz S, Kaiser P, Schneider R, Scheffner M (February 1996). "Cloning of human ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UbcH6 and UbcH7 (E2-F1) and characterization of their interaction with E6-AP and RSP5". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (5): 2795–800. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.5.2795. PMID 8576257.
- ↑ Nuber U, Scheffner M (March 1999). "Identification of determinants in E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes required for hect E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase interaction". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (11): 7576–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.11.7576. PMID 10066826.
Further reading
- Scheffner M, Huibregtse JM, Howley PM (1994). "Identification of a human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that mediates the E6-AP-dependent ubiquitination of p53". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (19): 8797–801. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.19.8797. PMC 44693. PMID 8090726.
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- Hatakeyama S, Jensen JP, Weissman AM (1997). "Subcellular localization and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) interactions of mammalian HECT family ubiquitin protein ligases". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (24): 15085–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.24.15085. PMID 9182527.
- Gutierrez JA, Yu J, Rivera S, Wessling-Resnick M (1997). "Functional Expression Cloning and Characterization of SFT, a Stimulator of Fe Transport". J. Cell Biol. 139 (4): 895–905. doi:10.1083/jcb.139.4.895. PMC 2139974. PMID 9362508.
- Gutierrez JA, Yu J, Wessling-Resnick M (1999). "Characterization and chromosomal mapping of the human gene for SFT, a stimulator of Fe transport". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 253 (3): 739–42. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9836. PMID 9918797.
- Nuber U, Scheffner M (1999). "Identification of determinants in E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes required for hect E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase interaction". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (11): 7576–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.11.7576. PMID 10066826.
- Kamura T, Sato S, Iwai K, Czyzyk-Krzeska M, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (2000). "Activation of HIF1α ubiquitination by a reconstituted von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor complex". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (19): 10430–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.190332597. PMC 27041. PMID 10973499.
- Pringa E, Martinez-Noel G, Muller U, Harbers K (2001). "Interaction of the ring finger-related U-box motif of a nuclear dot protein with ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19617–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100192200. PMID 11274149.
- Hashizume R, Fukuda M, Maeda I, Nishikawa H, Oyake D, Yabuki Y, Ogata H, Ohta T (2001). "The RING heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 is a ubiquitin ligase inactivated by a breast cancer-derived mutation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (18): 14537–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000881200. PMID 11278247.
- Matsuzawa SI, Reed JC (2001). "Siah-1, SIP, and Ebi collaborate in a novel pathway for beta-catenin degradation linked to p53 responses". Mol. Cell. 7 (5): 915–26. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00242-8. PMID 11389839.
- Jiang J, Ballinger CA, Wu Y, Dai Q, Cyr DM, Höhfeld J, Patterson C (2001). "CHIP is a U-box-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase: identification of Hsc70 as a target for ubiquitylation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (46): 42938–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101968200. PMID 11557750.
- Chen A, Kleiman FE, Manley JL, Ouchi T, Pan ZQ (2002). "Autoubiquitination of the BRCA1*BARD1 RING ubiquitin ligase". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (24): 22085–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201252200. PMID 11927591.
- Badciong JC, Haas AL (2003). "MdmX is a RING finger ubiquitin ligase capable of synergistically enhancing Mdm2 ubiquitination". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (51): 49668–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208593200. PMID 12393902.
- Kentsis A, Gordon RE, Borden KL (2003). "Control of biochemical reactions through supramolecular RING domain self-assembly". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (24): 15404–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.202608799. PMC 137729. PMID 12438698.
- Gehrke SG, Riedel HD, Herrmann T, Hadaschik B, Bents K, Veltkamp C, Stremmel W (2003). "UbcH5A, a member of human E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, is closely related to SFT, a stimulator of iron transport, and is up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis". Blood. 101 (8): 3288–93. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-07-2192. PMID 12480712.
- Mallery DL, Vandenberg CJ, Hiom K (2004). "Activation of the E3 ligase function of the BRCA1/BARD1 complex by polyubiquitin chains". EMBO J. 21 (24): 6755–62. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf691. PMC 139111. PMID 12485996.
- Takeyama K, Aguiar RC, Gu L, He C, Freeman GJ, Kutok JL, Aster JC, Shipp MA (2003). "The BAL-binding protein BBAP and related Deltex family members exhibit ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligase activity". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (24): 21930–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M301157200. PMID 12670957.