Dyspepsia causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 21:29, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] Ajay Gade MD [3]]

Overview

Life threatening causes of dyspepsia include coronary disease and ischemic bowel disease. Other common causes of dyspepsia include gastroesophageal reflux, gastritis, lactose intolerance, and peptic ulcer.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ system

Cardiovascular	Congestive heart failure, coronary disease, hypercalcaemia
Chemical / poisoning	Aluminium hydroxide, amanita phalloides, smoking, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, iron, potassium
Dermatologic	Herpes simplex
Drug Side Effect	4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone, acarbose, acetylsalicylic acid, achalasia, achillea millefolium, adefovir, alendronate, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, alvimopan, amitriptyline, amlodipine, amlodipine and Benazepril, ampicillin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonist, aprotinin, artemether and lumefantrin, asenapine maleate, aspirin, atazanavir, bezafibrate, biguanide, bisphosphonates, buprenorphine, calcium channel blockers, caspofungin acetate, cefadroxil, cefixime, cholestyramine, cholestyramine resin, cidofovir, codeine , colchicine, collinsonia canadensis, colofac, corticosteroids, coptis, daptomycin, diflunisal, digitalis, digoxin, donepezil, dopamine agonist, duloxetine, efavirenz, eflornithine, eletriptan, elvitegravir, emtricitabine, epoetin alfa injection, eribulin, erythromycin, estrogen, ethosuximide, febuxostat, fentanyl skin patches, fesoterodine, fibrates, fluoxetine, fluticasone, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, frovatriptan, gemfibrozil, glucocorticoids, H2 antagonist, heroin, iberogast, ibuprofen, imatinib, indomethacin, infliximab, interferon beta-1b injection, interferon gamma, ketorolac, lacosamide, levalbuterol, levodopa, lithium, lovaza, macrolides, meloxicam, meropenem, meropenem injection, metformin, methocarbamol, methylprednisolone, methylxanthin, metronidazole , misoprostol, monoamine oxidase-b inhibitors, mosapride, nabilone, nabumetone, nalbuphine, naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium, narcotics, niacin, nicotine polacrilex, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, omeprazole, opioids, oprelvekin, oral contraceptives, orlistat, oxcarbazepine, oxycodone, oxycodone and aspirin, PDE5 inhibitor, pentamidine Isethionate, pergolide, pirfenidone, potassium supplements, pramlintide injection, prednisone, proton pump inhibitor, quazepam, quetiapine, quinidine, rasagiline, rimabotulinumtoxinb, rivastigmine, sertraline, sildenafil, simvastatin, sorafenib, steroid medications,strongyloides, sunitinib, tadalafil, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tetracycline, thalidomide, theophylline, thyroid medicines, tiotropium Oral inhalation), tobacco, tolmetin, topiramate, travoprost, triamcinolone acetonide valdecoxib, valproic acid, venlafaxine, vigabatrin, vilazodone, vortioxetine, zolmitriptan, zopiclone
Ear Nose Throat	Thyroglossal cyst
Endocrine	Adrenal fatigue, carcinoid syndrome, diabetes mellitus, estrogens, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, overeating, parathyroid disorders, primary hyperparathyroidism, thyroid disease, thyroglossal cyst
Environmental	Multiple chemical sensitivity
Gastroenterologic	Achlorhydria, aerophagia, acid reflux, acute viral hepatitis, acute pancreatitis, adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, aerophagy, amebic dysentery, ascites, biliary disease, biliary pain, burping, carbohydrate malabsorption, carcinoid syndrome, celiac artery compression syndromee, celiac disease, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, chronic abdominal wall pain, chronic gastritis, chronic hepatitis, chronic intestinal ischemia, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis of liver, colon cancer,constipation, crohn's disease, delayed gastric emptying, Diarrhea,duodenal cancer, duodenal lymphoma, duodenal polyps, duodenal ulcer, duodenal webs, duodenitis, esophageal carcinoma, esophageal disease, esophageal spasm, esophagitis, functional bowel disorder, gallstones, gastric cancer, gastroenteritis, gastric lymphoma, gastric motility disorder, gastric ulcer, gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastrointestinal neoplasm, gastroparesis,gastrointestinal zygomycosis, giardiasis, helicobacter pylori infection, hepatitis, hepatitis c, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoma, hiatus hernia, hypertrophic gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal motility disorder, intestinal obstruction, irritable bowel syndrome, ischemic bowel disease, lactose intolerance, malabsorption, Ménétriér's disease, non-ulcer dyspepsia, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, peptic ulcers, Rome process, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Stomach cancer, Superior mesenteric artery syndrome, tropical sprue, ulcerative colitis, visceroptosis
Genetic	Celiac disease, connective tissue disease, Gulf War syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Hematologic	Chlorosis, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma
Iatrogenic	After gastrointestinal surgery, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, multiple chemical sensitivity, SSRI discontinuation syndrome
Infectious Disease	Acute viral hepatitis, amebic dysentery, chronic gastritis, fascioliasis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal mucormycosis, giardiasis, H. pylori, Helicobacter pylori infection, hepatitis, hepatitis C, herpes simplex, hookworm, opisthorchiasis, strongyloidiasis, syphilis, trichinosis, tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Autonomic neuropathy, Gulf War syndrome
Nutritional / Metabolic	Bitter melon Brat diet, capsicum annuum, chocolate, cyclooxygenase, eating high-fiber foods, food allergy, food intolerance, garlic, ginger, gluten allergy, high-fat diet, hydrogen potassium atpase, indian gooseberry, lactose intolerance, niacin, obesity, oranges, overeating, radish, s-adenosyl methionine, spicy foods, suillus luteus tomatoes, tropical sprue, vitamin C
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Estrogens, herpes simplex, oral contraceptives, ovarian cancer, pregnancy
Oncologic	Abdominal cancer, Cancer, carcinoid syndrome, colon cancer, duodenal cancer, duodenal lymphoma, esophageal cancer, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, gastrointestinal neoplasm, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	Alcohol, excess caffeine consumption, hangover, heroin, narcotics, opioids
Psychiatric	Alexithymia, anxiety, Charles Darwin's illness, depression, diabulimia, fasting girls, overeating, stress, trichophagia
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis, smoking, tuberculosis
Renal / Electrolyte	Chronic renal disease, hypercalcaemia, hyperkalemia, malabsorption, uremia
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Gluten allergy, Gulf War syndrome, oral allergy syndrome, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, ulcerative colitis
Sexual	Herpes simplex, syphilis
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Collinsonia canadensis, coptis, couvade, mint, strychnine tree, vinca

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Dyspepsia}}
-{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}} {{Ajay}}
 ==Overview==
+Life threatening causes of dyspepsia include [[coronary disease]] and [[ischemic bowel disease]]. Other common causes of dyspepsia include [[gastroesophageal reflux]], [[gastritis]], [[lactose intolerance]], and [[peptic ulcer]].
 ==Causes==
 ===Life Threatening Causes===
+*[[Congestive heart failure]]
+*[[Coronary disease]]
 ===Common Causes===
 *[[Aerophagia]]
 *[[Anxiety]]
 *[[Gastroesophageal reflux]]
@@ Line 17: / Line 18: @@
 *[[Lactose intolerance]]
 *[[Peptic ulcer]]
 ===Causes by Organ system===
 {|style="width: 80%; height: 100px; text-align: justify; text-justify: distribute;" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Congestive heart failure]], [[coronary disease]], [[hypercalcaemia]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 44: / Line 45: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Endocrine'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Adrenal fatigue]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[diabetes mellitus]], [[estrogens]], [[hyperparathyroidism]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]], [[overeating]], [[Parathyroid disease|Parathyroid disorders]], [[primary hyperparathyroidism]], [[ thyroid disease]], [[thyroglossal cyst]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Adrenal fatigue]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[diabetes mellitus]], [[estrogens]], [[hyperparathyroidism]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]], [[overeating]], [[parathyroid disease|parathyroid disorders]], [[primary hyperparathyroidism]], [[ thyroid disease]], [[thyroglossal cyst]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Environmental'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple chemical sensitivity]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Multiple chemical sensitivity]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Achlorhydria]], [[acid reflux]] / [[heartburn]], [[acute viral hepatitis]], adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, [[aerophagy]], [[cholecystitis]], [[chronic hepatitis]], acute and chronic [[pancreatitis]], [[cirrhosis of liver]], [[coeliac disease]], [[colonic cancer]], [[crohn's disease]], [[duodenal cancer]], duodenal lymphoma, [[duodenal polyps]], [[duodenal ulcer]], [[duodenal webs]], [[duodenitis]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[esophagitis]], [[gallstones]], [[gastric cancer]], [[gastric lymphoma]], [[gastric motility disorder]], [[gastric ulcer]], [[gastritis]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[gastrointestinal tumors]], [[hiatus hernia]], [[hypertrophic gastritis]], [[intestinal motility disorder]], [[intestinal obstruction]], [[irritable bowel syndrome]], [[malabsorption]], [[Ménétriér's disease]], [[pancreatic cancer]], [[peptic ulcers]], [[small intestinal bacterial overgrowth]], [[tropical sprue]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[hepatoma]], [[ischemic bowel disease]][[Acid reflux ]], [[Acute and chronic pancreatitis]], [[Acute gastric dilation]], [[Acute viral hepatitis]], [[Adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis]], [[Aerophagy]], [[Amebic dysentery]], [[Ascites]], [[Biliary conditions ]], [[Biliary pain]], [[Burping]], [[Carbohydrate malabsorption]], [[Carcinoid syndrome]], [[Celiac arterycompressionsyndrome]], [[Celiacdisease]], [[Cholecystitis]], [[Cholelithiasis]], [[Chronic abdominal wall pain]], [[Chronic gastritis ]], [[Chronic hepatitis]], [[Chronic intestinal ischemia]], [[Chronicpancreatitis]], [[Coloncancer]], [[Constipation]], [[Crohn disease]], [[Delayed gastric emptying]], [[Diarrhea]], [[Duodenal cancer]], [[Duodenal lymphoma]], [[Duodenalpolyps]], [[Duodenalulcer]], [[Duodenalwebs]], [[Duodenitis]], [[Esophagealcancer]], [[Esophagealspasm]], [[Esophagitis]], [[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy]], [[Esophagus diseases ]], [[Functional bowel disorder]], [[Gallstones]], [[Gas]], [[Gastric cancer]], [[Gastric lymphoma]], [[Gastric motility disorder]], [[Gastric ulcer]],  [[Gastritis]], [[Gastroenteritis]], [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[Gastrointestinal mucormycosis]], [[Gastrointestinal neoplasm]], [[Gastrointestinal zygomycosis]],  [[Gastroparesis]], [[Giardiasis]], [[H. pylori]], [[Helicobacter pylori infection]], [[Hepatitis c]], [[Hepatitis]], [[Hepatocellular carcinoma]], [[Hepatoma]],  [[Hiatal hernia]], [[Inflammatory bowel disease]], [[Intestinal motility disorder]], [[Intestinal obstruction]], [[Irritable bowel syndrome]], [[Ischemic bowel disease]],  [[Lactose intolerance]], [[Malabsorption]], [[Ménétriér's disease]], [[Non-ulcer dyspepsia]], [[Oesophageal dysmotility]], [[Pancreatic cancer]], [[Pancreatitis]], [[Peptic ulcer]], [[Rome process]], [[Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth]], [[Stomach cancer]], [[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]], [[Swallowed air]], [[Tropical sprue]], [[Ulcerative colitis]], [[Visceroptosis]],
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Achlorhydria]], [[aerophagia]], [[acid reflux]], [[acute viral hepatitis]], [[acute pancreatitis]], [[Pyloric stenosis|adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis]], [[aerophagy]], [[amebic dysentery]], [[ascites]], [[biliary disease]], [[biliary pain]], [[burping]], [[Malabsorption|carbohydrate malabsorption]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Median arcuate ligament syndrome|celiac artery compression syndromee]], [[celiac disease]], [[cholecystitis]], [[cholelithiasis]], [[Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome|chronic abdominal wall pain]], [[gastritis|chronic gastritis]], [[chronic hepatitis]], [[intestinal ischemia|chronic intestinal ischemia]], [[chronic pancreatitis]], [[cirrhosis of liver]],  [[colon cancer]],[[constipation]], [[crohn's disease]], [[delayed gastric emptying]], [[Diarrhea]],[[duodenal cancer]], [[Small intestine cancer|duodenal lymphoma]], [[Polyp (medicine)|duodenal polyps]], [[duodenal ulcer]], duodenal webs, [[duodenitis]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[esophageal disease]], [[esophageal spasm]], [[esophagitis]], [[functional bowel disorder]], [[gallstones]], [[gastric cancer]], [[gastroenteritis]], [[gastric lymphoma]], [[gastric motility disorder]], [[gastric ulcer]], [[gastritis]], [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]], [[gastrointestinal cancer|gastrointestinal neoplasm]], [[gastroparesis]],[[Zygomycosis|gastrointestinal zygomycosis]], [[giardiasis]], [[helicobacter pylori infection]], [[hepatitis]], [[hepatitis c]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]], [[hepatoma]], [[hiatus hernia]], [[Ménétriér's disease|hypertrophic gastritis]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]], [[Neurogastroenterology|intestinal motility disorder]], [[intestinal obstruction]], [[irritable bowel syndrome]], [[ischemic bowel disease]], [[lactose intolerance]], [[malabsorption]], [[Ménétriér's disease]], [[non-ulcer dyspepsia]], [[pancreatic cancer]], [[pancreatitis]], [[peptic ulcers]], [[Rome process]], [[small intestinal bacterial overgrowth]], [[Stomach cancer]], [[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]], [[tropical sprue]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[visceroptosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Celiac disease]], [[connective tissue disease]], [[Gulf War syndrome]], [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Hematologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chlorosis (medicine)|Chlorosis]], [[extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Iatrogenic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Digestive system surgery|After gastrointestinal surgery]], [[esophagogastroduodenoscopy]], [[multiple chemical sensitivity]], [[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amebic dysentery]], [[fascioliasis]], [[gastrointestinal mucormycosis]], [[giardiasis]], [[H. Pylori]], [[hookworm]], [[opisthorchiasis]], [[strongyloidiasis]], [[syphilis]], [[tuberculosis]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Acute viral hepatitis]], [[amebic dysentery]], [[gastritis|chronic gastritis]], [[fascioliasis]], [[gastritis]], [[gastroenteritis]], [[gastrointestinal mucormycosis]], [[giardiasis]], [[H. pylori]], [[Helicobacter pylori infection]], [[hepatitis]], [[hepatitis C]], [[herpes simplex]], [[hookworm]], [[opisthorchiasis]],  [[strongyloidiasis]], [[syphilis]], [[trichinosis]], [[tuberculosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 76: / Line 77: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Neurologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Autonomic neuropathy]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Autonomic neuropathy]], [[Gulf War syndrome]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabulimia]], eating fatty foods, eating just before sleeping, eating spicy foods, eating too late in the evening, excess alcohol consumption, excess caffeine consumption, [[garlic]], [[indian gooseberry]], [[overeating]], [[suillus luteus]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Bitter melon]] [[BRAT diet|Brat diet]], [[capsicum annuum]], [[chocolate]], [[cyclooxygenase]], [[Dietary fiber|eating high-fiber foods]], [[food allergy]],  [[food intolerance]], [[garlic]], [[ginger]], [[Gluten-related disorders|gluten allergy]], [[Ketogenic diet|high-fat diet]], [[Hydrogen potassium ATPase|hydrogen potassium atpase]], [[Phyllanthus emblica|indian gooseberry]], [[lactose intolerance]], [[niacin]], [[obesity]], [[oranges]], [[overeating]], [[radish]], [[s-adenosyl methionine]], [[Spice|spicy foods]], [[suillus luteus]] [[tomato|tomatoes]], [[tropical sprue]], [[vitamin C]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Estrogens]], [[herpes simplex]], [[oral contraceptives]], [[ovarian cancer]], [[pregnancy]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Oncologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ovarian cancer]], [[extranodal marginal zone B-cell Lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue]], [[colonic cancer]], [[duodenal cancer]], [[duodenal lymphoma]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[gastric cancer]], [[gastric lymphoma]], [[gastrointestinal tumors]], [[pancreatic cancer]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Abdominal cancer]], [[Cancer]], [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[colon cancer]], [[duodenal cancer]], [[Small intestine cancer|duodenal lymphoma]], [[esophageal cancer]], [[extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma]], [[gastric cancer]], [[Gastric lymphoma|gastric lymphoma]], [[Gastrointestinal cancer|gastrointestinal neoplasm]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]], [[hepatoma]], [[ovarian cancer]], [[pancreatic cancer]], [[stomach cancer]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 96: / Line 98: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Niacin]], [[vitamin C]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Alcohol]], [[caffeine|excess caffeine consumption]], [[hangover]], [[heroin]], [[narcotics]], [[opioids]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Psychiatric'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Alexithymia]], [[anxiety]], [[Charles Darwin's illness]], [[depression]], [[diabulimia]], [[fasting girls]], [[overeating]], [[stress]], [[trichophagia]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 108: / Line 112: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypercalcaemia]], [[uremia]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chronic renal disease]], [[hypercalcaemia]], [[hyperkalemia]], [[malabsorption]], [[uremia]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Oral allergy syndrome]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[scleroderma]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Gluten-related disorders|Gluten allergy]], [[Gulf War syndrome]], [[oral allergy syndrome]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[scleroderma]], [[ulcerative colitis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Sexual'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Herpes simplex]], [[syphilis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 128: / Line 132: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Miscellaneous'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Couvade]], [[gulf War syndrome]], [[alcohol]], [[gas]], [[stress]], [[tobacco]], [[obesity]], [[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]], [[Trichophagia]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Collinsonia canadensis]], [[coptis]], [[couvade]], [[mint]], [[strychnine tree]], [[vinca]]
-|-
 |}
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
-{{columns-list|3|
+{{columns-list|
 *[[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]]
 *[[Abdominal cancer]]
@@ Line 145: / Line 148: @@
 *[[Acid reflux]]
 *[[Acute pancreatitis]]
-*[[Acute gastric dilation]]
 *[[Acute viral hepatitis]]
 *[[Adefovir]]
 *[[Adrenal fatigue]]
 *[[Pyloric stenosis|Adult hypertrophic pyloric stenosis]]
-*[[Aerophagy]]
+*[[Aerophagia]]
 *[[Digestive system surgery|After gastrointestinal surgery]]
 *[[Alcohol]]
@@ Line 198: / Line 200: @@
 *[[Cholestyramine]]
 *[[Cholestyramine resin (patient information)|Cholestyramine resin]]
-*[[Abdominal Pain|Chronic abdominal wall pain]]
+*[[Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome|Chronic abdominal wall pain]]
 *[[Gastritis|Chronic gastritis ]]
 *[[Chronic hepatitis]]
@@ Line 252: / Line 254: @@
 *[[Esophageal spasm]]
 *[[Esophagitis]]
-*[[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy]]
 *[[Esophageal disease]]
 *[[Estrogens]]
@@ Line 299: / Line 300: @@
 *[[Herpes simplex]]
 *[[Hiatal hernia]]
-*[[High-fat diet]]
+*[[Ketogenic diet|High-fat diet]]
 *[[Hookworm]]
 *[[Hydrogen potassium ATPase]]
@@ Line 347: / Line 348: @@
 *[[Nausea]]
 *[[Nervous]]
-*[[Neurogastroenterology]]
 *[[Niacin]]
 *[[Nicotine polacrilex]]
@@ Line 439: / Line 439: @@
 {{Reflist|2}}
+{{WH}}
+{{WS}}
 [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
 [[Category:Digestive disease symptoms]]
-[[Category:primary care]]
+[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
-{{WH}}
-{{WS}}