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{{Stomatitis}}
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==Overview==
{{SK}} [[Aphthous stomatitis]]; [[Herpetic stomatitis]]
Stomatitis is an [[inflammation]] of the [[mucous lining]] of any of the structures in the [[mouth]], which may involve the [[cheeks]], [[gums]], [[tongue]], [[lips]], [[throat]], and roof or floor of the mouth.  The inflammation can be caused by conditions in the mouth itself, such as poor [[oral hygiene]], poorly fitted [[dentures]], or from mouth burns from hot food or drinks, or by conditions that affect the entire body, such as [[medications]], [[allergic reactions]], or [[infections]]. A form of stomatitis known as stomatitis nicotina can be caused by smoking cigars, cigarettes, and pipes, and is characterized by small red bumps on the roof of the mouth.<ref>{{cite web|year=1969|title=Smoking and Noncancerous Oral Disease|format=PDF|work=The Reports of the Surgeon General|url=http://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/B/B/L/N/_/nnbbln.pdf|accessdate=2006-06-23}}</ref>


When it also involves an inflammation of the [[gingiva]], it is called gingivostomatitis.
==[[Stomatitis overview|Overview]]==
Irritation and [[fissure|fissuring]] in the corners of the lips is termed angular stomatits or [[angular cheilitis]]. In children a frequent cause is repeated lip-licking and in adults it may be a sign of underlying [[iron deficiency anemia]], or [[vitamin B]] deficiencis (e.g. B2-[[riboflavin]], B9-[[folate]] or [[B12]]-cobalamins), which in turn may be evidence of poor diets or malnutrition (e.g. [[celiac disease]]).


==Historical Perspective==
==[[Stomatitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
*Between460-370 B.C., in relation to disorders of the mouth the term aphthae was first used by [[Hippocrates]].<ref name=Stomatitis-update> Ship, Jonathan A. "Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: an update." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 81.2 (1996): 141-147.</ref>
*In 1898, the first clinical description of the aphthous stomatitis was reported by Von Mikulicz and Kumme as a Mikuliez aphthea
*In 1911, stomatitis aphthae recurrens cicatricicans was first described by Sutton.
*In 1961, stomatitis aphthae recurrens herpetiformis was first described by Cooke.<ref name="pmid6929240">{{cite journal| author=Kramer IR, Pindborg JJ, Bezroukov V, Infirri JS| title=Guide to epidemiology and diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases and conditions. World Health Organization. | journal=Community Dent Oral Epidemiol | year= 1980 | volume= 8 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-26 | pmid=6929240 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6929240  }} </ref>


==Classification==
==[[Stomatitis classification|Classification]]==
According to the etiology, stomatitis may be classified into:


'''Infectious Stomatitis'''
==[[Stomatitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
*[[Aphthous stomatitis]]
 
**Major aphthous stomatitis
==[[Stomatitis causes|Causes]]==
**Minor aphthous stomatitis
 
**Herpetiform stomatitis
==[[Stomatitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Stomatitis from other Diseases]]==
*[[Herpetic gingivostomatitis]]
 
*[[Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis]] or [[gangrenous stomatitis|stomatitis gangrenosa]]
==[[Stomatitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
*Vesicular stomatitis
 
*[[Hand-foot-and-mouth disease|Enteroviral vesicular stomatitis with exanthem]]
==[[Stomatitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
*[[Candidal stomatitis]]
 
'''Other forms'''
==[[Stomatitis screening|Screening]]==
*[[angular cheilitis|Angular stomatitis]]
 
*[[Denture stomatitis]]
==[[Stomatitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
*Contact stomatitis
*Migratory stomatitis or geographic stomatitis
*Stomatitis nicotina
*Pyostomatitis vegetans


==Pathophysiology==
==Diagnosis==
==Causes==


== Differentiating Stomatitis from other Diseases ==
[[Stomatitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Stomatitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Stomatitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]]


== Epidemiology and Demographics ==
==Treatment==


==Risk Factors==
[[Stomatitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Stomatitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Stomatitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Stomatitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]]


== Screening ==
==Related Chapters==
*[[Aphthous stomatitis]]
*[[Herpetic stomatitis]]
*[[Chicken pox]]
*[[Trench mouth]]
*[[Bovine papular stomatitis]]
*[[Hand-foot-and-mouth disease]]


==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==History and Symptoms==
==Physical Examination==
==Laboratory Findings==
==Medical Therapy==
==Primary Prevention==
==Secondary Prevention==
==References==


{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Infectious Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious Disease]]
[[Category:Primary Care]]
[[Category:Primary Care]]
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]

Latest revision as of 00:18, 30 July 2020

Stomatitis Microchapters

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Overview

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Stomatitis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2], Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Aphthous stomatitis; Herpetic stomatitis

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Stomatitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention

Related Chapters


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