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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKAG2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8557660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, Widmer J, Michell BJ, Teh T, House CM, Fernandez CS, Cox T, Witters LA, Kemp BE | title = Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 271 | issue = 2 | pages = 611–4 |date=February 1996 | pmid = 8557660 | pmc =  | doi =10.1074/jbc.271.2.611  }}</ref><ref name="pmid8621499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gao G, Fernandez CS, Stapleton D, Auster AS, Widmer J, Dyck JR, Kemp BE, Witters LA | title = Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 271 | issue = 15 | pages = 8675–81 |date=June 1996 | pmid = 8621499 | pmc =  | doi =10.1074/jbc.271.15.8675  }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51422| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
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| update_summary = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit
| HGNCid = 9386
| Symbol = PRKAG2
| AltSymbols =; AAKG; AAKG2; CMH6; H91620p; WPWS
| OMIM = 602743
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 81846
| MGIid = 1336153
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PRKAG2_218292_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003674 |text = molecular_function}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005575 |text = cellular_component}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006633 |text = fatty acid biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006695 |text = cholesterol biosynthetic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 51422
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000106617
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001035723
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001040633
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 150884960
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 151204728
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q9UGJ0
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 108099
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000028944
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_145401
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_663376
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 24372813
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 24610495
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3TMN8
  }}
}}
'''Protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit''', also known as '''PRKAG2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51422| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
[[AMP-activated protein kinase]] (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of [[fatty acid]] and [[cholesterol]]. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family and encodes a protein with four [[CBS domain]]s. Mutations in this gene have been associated with [[ventricular pre-excitation]] ([[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]), progressive conduction system disease and [[cardiac hypertrophy]]. [[Alternate splicing|Alternate transcriptional]] splice variants, encoding different [[Protein isoform|isoforms]], have been characterized.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{PBB_Summary
 
| section_title =
==Interactions==
| summary_text = AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family and encodes a protein with four cystathionine beta-synthase domains. Mutations in this gene have been associated with ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome), progressive conduction system disease and cardiac hypertrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51422| accessdate = }}</ref>
PRKAG2 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[PRKAB2]]<ref name=pmid10698692>{{cite journal |last=Cheung |first=P C |authorlink= |author2=Salt I P |author3=Davies S P |author4=Hardie D G |author5=Carling D  |date=March 2000  |title=Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=346 Pt 3 |issue= |pages=659–69 |publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0264-6021| pmid = 10698692 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=1220898 | doi=10.1042/0264-6021:3460659}}</ref> and [[PRKAB1]].<ref name=pmid10698692/>
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, Roberts R |title=PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome: familial ventricular preexcitation, conduction system disease, and cardiac hypertrophy. |journal=Curr. Opin. Cardiol. |volume=17 |issue= 3 |pages= 229–34 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12015471 |doi=10.1097/00001573-200205000-00004 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal  | author=Gollob MH |title=Glycogen storage disease as a unifying mechanism of disease in the PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome. |journal=Biochem. Soc. Trans. |volume=31 |issue= Pt 1 |pages= 228–31 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12546691 |doi=10.1042/BST0310228  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, Roberts R |title=PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome: familial ventricular preexcitation, conduction system disease, and cardiac hypertrophy. |journal=Curr. Opin. Cardiol. |volume=17 |issue= 3 |pages= 229-34 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12015471 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Ofir M, Hochhauser E, Vidne BA, etal |title=[AMP-activated protein kinase: how a mistake in energy gauge causes glycogen storage] |journal=Harefuah |volume=146 |issue= 10 |pages= 770–5, 813–4 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17990392 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gollob MH |title=Glycogen storage disease as a unifying mechanism of disease in the PRKAG2 cardiac syndrome. |journal=Biochem. Soc. Trans. |volume=31 |issue= Pt 1 |pages= 228-31 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12546691 |doi= 10.1042/ }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL, etal |title=HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=145 |issue= 11 |pages= 3699–705 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1978848 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ofir M, Hochhauser E, Vidne BA, ''et al.'' |title=[AMP-activated protein kinase: how a mistake in energy gauge causes glycogen storage] |journal=Harefuah |volume=146 |issue= 10 |pages= 770-5, 813-4 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17990392 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=MacRae CA, Ghaisas N, Kass S, etal |title=Familial Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome maps to a locus on chromosome 7q3. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=96 |issue= 3 |pages= 1216–20 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7657794 |doi=10.1172/JCI118154  | pmc=185741 |url=http://edoc.mdc-berlin.de/1996/1/1996oa.pdf }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL, ''et al.'' |title=HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=145 |issue= 11 |pages= 3699-705 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1978848 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, etal |title=Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 14 |pages= 6676–80 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7688126 |doi=10.1073/pnas.90.14.6676  | pmc=46995 |bibcode=1993PNAS...90.6676H }}
*{{cite journal | author=MacRae CA, Ghaisas N, Kass S, ''et al.'' |title=Familial Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome maps to a locus on chromosome 7q3. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=96 |issue= 3 |pages= 1216-20 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7657794 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J, etal |title=HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro. |journal=AIDS |volume=8 |issue= 7 |pages= 1016–7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7946090 |doi=10.1097/00002030-199407000-00025 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T, ''et al.'' |title=Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 14 |pages= 6676-80 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7688126 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D, etal |title=The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=71 |issue= 6 |pages= 4372–7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9151826 |doi= | pmc=191654 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J, ''et al.'' |title=HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro. |journal=AIDS |volume=8 |issue= 7 |pages= 1016-7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7946090 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Stapleton D, Woollatt E, Mitchelhill KI, etal |title=AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=409 |issue= 3 |pages= 452–6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9224708 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00569-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, ''et al.'' |title=Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 2 |pages= 611-4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8557660 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A |title=The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 36 |pages= 22385–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9278385 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.36.22385 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gao G, Fernandez CS, Stapleton D, ''et al.'' |title=Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 15 |pages= 8675-81 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8621499 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P, etal |title=Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 825–33 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9671211 |doi=10.1089/aid.1998.14.825 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D, ''et al.'' |title=The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=71 |issue= 6 |pages= 4372-7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9151826 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Mayne M, Bratanich AC, Chen P, etal |title=HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease. |journal=Neuroimmunomodulation |volume=5 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 184–92 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9730685 |doi=10.1159/000026336 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stapleton D, Woollatt E, Mitchelhill KI, ''et al.'' |title=AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=409 |issue= 3 |pages= 452-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9224708 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |title=Toward a complete human genome sequence. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=8 |issue= 11 |pages= 1097–108 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9847074 |doi=  10.1101/gr.8.11.1097}}
*{{cite journal | author=Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A |title=The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 36 |pages= 22385-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9278385 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, etal |title=Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=346 Pt 3 |issue= |pages= 659–69 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10698692 |doi=10.1042/0264-6021:3460659  | pmc=1220898  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P, ''et al.'' |title=Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=14 |issue= 10 |pages= 825-33 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9671211 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Lang T, Yu L, Tu Q, etal |title=Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and mapping of PRKAG2, a heart abundant gamma2 subunit of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, to human chromosome 7q36. |journal=Genomics |volume=70 |issue= 2 |pages= 258–63 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11112354 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2000.6376 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mayne M, Bratanich AC, Chen P, ''et al.'' |title=HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease. |journal=Neuroimmunomodulation |volume=5 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 184-92 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9730685 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Blair E, Redwood C, Ashrafian H, etal |title=Mutations in the gamma(2) subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evidence for the central role of energy compromise in disease pathogenesis. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 11 |pages= 1215–20 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11371514 |doi=10.1093/hmg/10.11.1215  }}
*{{cite journal | author= |title=Toward a complete human genome sequence. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=8 |issue= 11 |pages= 1097-108 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9847074 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, etal |title=Identification of a gene responsible for familial Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=344 |issue= 24 |pages= 1823–31 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11407343 |doi=10.1056/NEJM200106143442403  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=346 Pt 3 |issue= |pages= 659-69 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10698692 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Hamilton SR, Stapleton D, O'Donnell JB, etal |title=An activating mutation in the gamma1 subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=500 |issue= 3 |pages= 163–8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11445078 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02602-3  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lang T, Yu L, Tu Q, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and mapping of PRKAG2, a heart abundant gamma2 subunit of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, to human chromosome 7q36. |journal=Genomics |volume=70 |issue= 2 |pages= 258-63 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11112354 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2000.6376 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Blair E, Redwood C, Ashrafian H, ''et al.'' |title=Mutations in the gamma(2) subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evidence for the central role of energy compromise in disease pathogenesis. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 11 |pages= 1215-20 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11371514 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gollob MH, Green MS, Tang AS, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of a gene responsible for familial Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=344 |issue= 24 |pages= 1823-31 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11407343 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hamilton SR, Stapleton D, O'Donnell JB, ''et al.'' |title=An activating mutation in the gamma1 subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=500 |issue= 3 |pages= 163-8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11445078 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
==External links==
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=hyper-card  GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Overview]
 
{{Serine/threonine-specific protein kinases}}
{{Enzymes}}
{{Portal bar|Molecular and Cellular Biology|border=no}}
 
[[Category:EC 2.7.11]]
 
 
{{gene-7-stub}}

Latest revision as of 14:16, 4 November 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG2 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family and encodes a protein with four CBS domains. Mutations in this gene have been associated with ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome), progressive conduction system disease and cardiac hypertrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.[3]

Interactions

PRKAG2 has been shown to interact with PRKAB2[4] and PRKAB1.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Stapleton D, Mitchelhill KI, Gao G, Widmer J, Michell BJ, Teh T, House CM, Fernandez CS, Cox T, Witters LA, Kemp BE (February 1996). "Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase subfamily". J Biol Chem. 271 (2): 611–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.2.611. PMID 8557660.
  2. ↑ Gao G, Fernandez CS, Stapleton D, Auster AS, Widmer J, Dyck JR, Kemp BE, Witters LA (June 1996). "Non-catalytic beta- and gamma-subunit isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase". J Biol Chem. 271 (15): 8675–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8675. PMID 8621499.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit".
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Cheung, P C; Salt I P; Davies S P; Hardie D G; Carling D (March 2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. ENGLAND. 346 Pt 3: 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1220898. PMID 10698692.

Further reading

External links


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