Amenorrhea causes

Amenorrhea Microchapters
Home
Patient Information Primary amenorrhea Secondary amenorrhea
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Amenorrhea from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Amenorrhea causes On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Amenorrhea causes All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Amenorrhea causes
CDC on Amenorrhea causes
Amenorrhea causes in the news
Blogs on Amenorrhea causes
Directions to Hospitals Treating Amenorrhea
Risk calculators and risk factors for Amenorrhea causes

Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Primary Amenorrhea

• 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
• Agonadism
• After trauma
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Anovulation
• Complete androgen insenstivity syndrome
• Constitutional bradygenesis
• Constitutional delay of puberty
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Early infantile brain damage
• Gonadal dysgenesis
• Homozygous adrenogenital syndrome
• Hymenal atresia
• Hyperandrogenism
• Hypothalamic and pituitary tumors

  • Hyperprolactinemia / Prolactin-secreting tumors
  • Dysgerminoma
  • Craniopharyngioma

• Idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency
• Kallmann's Syndrome
• Mayer-Rokitansky-Hauser Syndrome
• Mullerian dysgenesis
• Outflow tract disorders
• Pituitary insufficiency

  • Pituitary schistosomiasis
  • Pituitary tuberculosis
  • Empty Sella Syndrome

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
• Post-hormonal contraceptive Amenorrhea
• Severe systemic diseases
• Swyer's Syndrome
• Testicular feminization
• Turner's Syndrome
• Uterine atresia
• Uterine hypoplasia
• Vaginal atresia / gynatresia

Secondary Amenorrhea

• 5-alpha-reductase deficiency
• Addiction
• Addison's Disease
• Adrenocortical insuffiency
• After curettage
• After hysterectomy
• After radiation (can be reversed)
• Adrenal tumors
• Anovulation
• Asherman's Syndrome
• Autoimmune diseases
• Body building (and use of androgens)
• Castration (radiation or surgical)
• Central nervous system tumor (CNS)
• Cervical stenosis
• Change of environment
• Complete and incomplete androgen insensitivity
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Craniocerebral trauma
• Cushing's Syndrome
• Depression
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Drug Side Effect- Medroxyprogesterone, Norgestimate and Ethinyl estradiol, Norgestrel and Ethinyl estradiol, Sertraline, Methyltestosterone, Olanzapine, Pramipexole, Prochlorperazine
• Encephalitis
• Enzymatic defects in testosterone biosynthesis
• Exposure to maternal androgens in utero
• Extreme obesity
• During chemotherapy
• Functional hypothalalmic Amenorrhea due to:

  • Stress
  • Eating disorders
  • Excessive exercise
  • Weight loss

• Gonadotropin deficiency in tumors
• Hormone-active ovarian tumor
• Hermaphroditism
• Heterozygous adrenogenital syndrome
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Hysterectomy
• Imprisonment
• Meningitis
• Mullerian anomalies
• Myotonic dystrophy
• Pituitary insufficiency
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Post-hormonal contraception
• Post-infection (mumps, severe pelvic inflammatory disease)
• Postoerative gonadotropin deficiency
• Pregnancy
• Premature menopause
• Prolactinoma
• Sheehan's Syndrome
• Stress
• Testicular feminization
• Transsexuality when taking androgens
• Turner's Syndrome
• Uterine cavity sclerosis

  • Uterine Schistosomiasis
  • Abortion
  • Severe generalized infections of the pelvis
  • Post uterine surgery
  • Overzealous or repeated uterine curettage
  • Tuberculosis endometritis

Differential Diagnosis Organized by Category of Causes

• Physiologic

  • Pregnancy
  • Lactation
  • Menopause

• Hypothalamic

  • Structural

    • Craniopharyngioma
    • Lymphoma
    • Sarcoidosis
    • Hemochromatosis

  • Functional

    • Anorexia/bulimia
    • Excessive exercise/weight loss
    • Stress

• Pituitary

  • Secretory tumors

    • Prolactinoma
    • Cushing’s disease
    • Acromegaly

  • Destructive lesions

    • Non-functional tumors
    • Sheehan's syndrome
    • Hemochromatosis

• Ovarian

  • Premature ovarian failure
  • Hyperandrogenic disorders

    • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    • Nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH)
    • Adrenal/ovarian androgen-secreting tumors

• Anatomic

  • Destruction of uterine cavity

    • Asherman’s syndrome
    • Tuberculosis (TB)

• Other

  • Hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism
  • Cushing’s syndrome

References

[[Category:Signs and symptoms]