Amenorrhea history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Amenorrhea}} | {{Amenorrhea}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The majority of patients with [disease name] are asymptomatic. | |||
OR | |||
==History== | The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Common symptoms of [disease] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Less common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. | ||
==History and Symptoms== | |||
*The hallmark of primary amenorrhea is: | |||
**[[Menarche]] is not happened until 15 years of age, while other [[secondary sexual characteristics]] are already appeared. | |||
**[[Menarche]] is not happened after 5 years of [[thelarche]], if it is occurred before 10 years of age.<ref name="Herman-GiddensSlora1997">{{cite journal|last1=Herman-Giddens|first1=M. E.|last2=Slora|first2=E. J.|last3=Wasserman|first3=R. C.|last4=Bourdony|first4=C. J.|last5=Bhapkar|first5=M. V.|last6=Koch|first6=G. G.|last7=Hasemeier|first7=C. M.|title=Secondary Sexual Characteristics and Menses in Young Girls Seen in Office Practice: A Study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network|journal=PEDIATRICS|volume=99|issue=4|year=1997|pages=505–512|issn=0031-4005|doi=10.1542/peds.99.4.505}}</ref> | |||
== | * The hallmark of secondary amenorrhea is: | ||
** [[Menstrual cycle]] is interrupted for at least 3 months, however was regular before.<ref name="ChiavaroliDAdamo2011">{{cite journal|last1=Chiavaroli|first1=Valentina|last2=DAdamo|first2=Ebe|last3=Diesse|first3=Laura|last4=de|first4=Tommaso|last5=Chiarelli|first5=Francesco|last6=Moh|first6=Angelika|title=Primary and Secondary Amenorrhea|year=2011|doi=10.5772/17675}}</ref> | |||
** [[Menstrual cycle]] is interrupted for at least 6 months, however was irregular before.<ref>{{cite book | last = Fritz | first = Marc | title = Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility | publisher = Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | location = Philadelphia | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-0781779685 }}</ref> | |||
=== Patients history and symptoms that are suggestive of different causes of amenorrhea are as following table.<ref name="pmid23939500">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klein DA, Poth MA |title=Amenorrhea: an approach to diagnosis and management |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=87 |issue=11 |pages=781–8 |year=2013 |pmid=23939500 |doi= |url=}}</ref> === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Groups | |||
! colspan="2" |Elements | |||
!Underlying cause of amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="23" |'''Patient history''' | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Stress]]''''' | |||
| rowspan="11" |Functional amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Exercise]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Weight loss]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="4" |'''''Chronic [[illness]]''''' | |||
|[[Crohn disease]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Cystic fibrosis]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Sickle cell disease]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Thalassemia major]] | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="4" |'''''[[Drug use|Illicit drug use]]''''' | |||
|[[Alcohol]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Cocaine]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Marijuana]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Opioids]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''Lack of [[menarche]]''''' | |||
|Primary amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Menstrual cycle|Menstrual]] history''''' | |||
|Secondary amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="4" |'''''[[Prescription]] drug use''''' | |||
|[[Androgens]] | |||
| rowspan="4" |Multiple, depending on [[medication]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Antidepressants]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Danazol]] | |||
|- | |||
|High-dose [[progestins]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''Previous [[central nervous system]] [[chemotherapy]] or [[radiation]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Hypothalamic]] amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''Previous [[pelvic]] [[radiation]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Premature ovarian failure]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Psychosocial]] stressors''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |[[Anorexia]] or [[bulimia nervosa]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Nutritional]] problems''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Exercise]] history''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Sexual activity]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Pregnancy]] | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="10" |'''Family history''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="6" |'''''[[Genetic defects]]''''' | |||
|Congenital [[gonadotropin-releasing hormone]] deficiency | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="6" |Multiple causes of primary amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
|[[GnRH]] receptor [[gene]] mutations | |||
|- | |||
|[[Prader-Willi syndrome]] | |||
|- | |||
|Congenital [[Thymus|thymic]] [[aplasia]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Fragile X syndrome]] | |||
|- | |||
|Idiopathic accelerated [[ovarian]] [[follicular atresia]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Pubic hair]] pattern''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Androgen insensitivity syndrome]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Infertility]]''''' | |||
|Multiple causes of primary amenorrhea | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Menarche]] and [[menstrual]] history (mother and sisters)''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Constitutional delay of puberty|Constitutional delay of growth and puberty]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Pubertal]] history (e.g., [[growth delay]])''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Constitutional delay of puberty|Constitutional delay of growth and puberty]] | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="16" |'''Review of systems''' | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Anosmia]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Kallmann syndrome]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''Cyclic [[abdominal pain]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Outflow tract obstruction or [[müllerian agenesis]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Breast]] changes''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Galactorrhea]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |[[Pituitary tumor]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Headache]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Visual impairment|Visual disturbances]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Hirsutism]]''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |[[Polycystic ovary syndrome]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" |'''''[[Acne]]''''' | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="7" |'''''Signs and symptoms of [[hypothyroidism]] or [[hyperthyroidism]]''''' | |||
|[[Temperature]] intolerance | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="7" |[[Thyroid disease]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Palpitations]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Diarrhea]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Constipation]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Tremor]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Depression]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Skin changes]] | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |'''''[[Vasomotor]] symptoms''''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |[[Premature ovarian failure]] | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 16:28, 27 September 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The majority of patients with [disease name] are asymptomatic.
OR
The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Common symptoms of [disease] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Less common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
History and Symptoms
- The hallmark of primary amenorrhea is:
- Menarche is not happened until 15 years of age, while other secondary sexual characteristics are already appeared.
- Menarche is not happened after 5 years of thelarche, if it is occurred before 10 years of age.[1]
- The hallmark of secondary amenorrhea is:
- Menstrual cycle is interrupted for at least 3 months, however was regular before.[2]
- Menstrual cycle is interrupted for at least 6 months, however was irregular before.[3]
Patients history and symptoms that are suggestive of different causes of amenorrhea are as following table.[4]
References
- ↑ Herman-Giddens, M. E.; Slora, E. J.; Wasserman, R. C.; Bourdony, C. J.; Bhapkar, M. V.; Koch, G. G.; Hasemeier, C. M. (1997). "Secondary Sexual Characteristics and Menses in Young Girls Seen in Office Practice: A Study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network". PEDIATRICS. 99 (4): 505–512. doi:10.1542/peds.99.4.505. ISSN 0031-4005.
- ↑ Chiavaroli, Valentina; DAdamo, Ebe; Diesse, Laura; de, Tommaso; Chiarelli, Francesco; Moh, Angelika (2011). "Primary and Secondary Amenorrhea". doi:10.5772/17675.
- ↑ Fritz, Marc (2011). Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0781779685.
- ↑ Klein DA, Poth MA (2013). "Amenorrhea: an approach to diagnosis and management". Am Fam Physician. 87 (11): 781–8. PMID 23939500.