Transitional cell carcinoma risk factors: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:20, 10 February 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Cigarette smoking. Smoking greatly increases the risk of developing bladder cancer. Up to half of all bladder cancers in men and several in women may be caused by cigarette smoke.
Chemical exposure at work. About one in four cases of bladder cancer is caused by coming into contact with to cancer-causing chemicals at work. These chemicals are called carcinogens. Dye workers, rubber workers, aluminum workers, leather workers, truck drivers, and pesticide applicators are at the highest risk.
Chemotherapy: The chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) may increase the risk of bladder cancer.
Radiation treatment: Women who had radiation therapy to treat cervical cancer have an increased risk of developing bladder cancer.
Bladder infection: A long-term (chronic) bladder infection or irritation may lead to a certain type of bladder cancer.

Some research has suggested a link between artificial sweeteners and bladder cancer. The evidence is weak.

↑ Risk factors for bladder cancer. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/risks/?region=ab#Genetics Accessed on October, 1 2015

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 *Bladder infection: A long-term (chronic) bladder infection or irritation may lead to a certain type of bladder cancer.
 Some research has suggested a link between artificial sweeteners and bladder cancer. The evidence is weak.
+* Smoking<ref>Risk factors for bladder cancer. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/risks/?region=ab#Genetics Accessed on October, 1 2015 </ref>
+* Occupational exposure to chemicals
+:* Textiles
+:* Rubber
+:* Paint
+:* Leather
+:* Dye
+:* Print
+:* Metal
+:* Machining
+:* Plastics
+:* Transportation
+* Chronic bladder irritation
+:* [[Inflammation]]
+::* Chronic [[urinary tract infection]]
+::* [[Bladder stones]]
+::* ''[[Schistosoma haematobium]]''
+:* Trauma
+* [[Chemotherapy]]
+:* [[Cyclophosphamide]]
+:* [[Ifosfamide]]
+* [[Radiation therapy]]
+* [[Arsenic]]
+* Personal history of cancer in the [[urinary tract]]
+* [[Congenital]] bladder anomalies
+:* [[Urachus]]
+:* Exstrophy
+* Aristolochic acids
 ==References==