Diphyllobothriasis medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2] Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[3]

Overview

Drugs used for diphyllobothriasis include either praziquantel or niclosamide.

Medical Therapy

The medications used in the treatment of diphyllobothriasis are:

• Praziquantel
• Niclosamide

Antimicrobial Regimen

Shown below is a table summarizing the preferred and alternative empiric treatment for Diphyllobothriasis

Pathogens	Preferred Treatment	Duration of Treatment	Alternative Treatment
Diphyllobothrium latum	Praziquantel* Adults, 5-10 mg/kg orally in a single-dose therapy; the dosage for children is the same.	Single dose	Niclosamide Adult 2 gm orally once; children, 50 mg/kg (max 2 gm) orally once.

Mechanism of action

1. Praziquantel
   • Oral praziquantel is available for human use in the United States. Praziquantel increases the permeability of the cell membrane towards calcium ions. This induces contraction of the parasites, resulting in paralysis in the contracted state.
2. Niclosamide
   • Niclosamide inhibits the oxidative phosphorylation and anaerobic metabolism in the parasites.