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==Overview==
==Overview==
SIADH is caused by excess of renal water reabsorption through inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, there are various causes attributed to SIADH ranging from malignancies,  drugs, central nervous system causes, infectious and other miscellaneous causes. Some of the most common causes are : malignancies like small cell lung cancer, drugs like [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]], and [[carbamazapine]].<ref name="pmid25657991">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oh JY, Shin JI |title=Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and cerebral/renal salt wasting syndrome: similarities and differences |journal=Front Pediatr |volume=2 |issue= |pages=146 |year=2014 |pmid=25657991 |pmc=4302789 |doi=10.3389/fped.2014.00146 |url=}}</ref>
[[SIADH]] is caused by excess of renal water reabsorption through [[inappropriate antidiuretic hormone]] secretion, there are various causes attributed to [[SIADH]] ranging from [[malignancies]],  [[drugs]], [[Entral nervous system|central nervous system]] causes, [[infectious]] and other [[miscellaneous]] causes. Some of the most common causes are : malignancies like [[Small cell lung cancer|small cell lung cance]]<nowiki/>r, drugs like [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]], and [[carbamazapine|carbamazapine.]]


==Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone causes==
==Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone causes==
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* [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
* [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
* [[Cancer]]s
* [[Cancer]]s
** [[Lung cancer]] (especially small cell lung cancer, as well as other small-cell malignancies of other organs)
** [[Lung cancer]] (especially [[Mall cell lung cance|small cell lung cance]]<nowiki/>r, as well as other small-cell malignancies of other organs)
* [[Infection]]s
* [[Infection]]s
** [[Brain]] [[abscess]]
** [[Brain]] [[abscess]]
Line 23: Line 23:
** [[Carbamazepine]]
** [[Carbamazepine]]
** [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s  
** [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s  
** [[Methylenedioxymethamphetamine]] (MDMA, commonly called Ecstasy) <ref name="pmid20164214">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hannon MJ, Thompson CJ |title=The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone: prevalence, causes and consequences |journal=Eur. J. Endocrinol. |volume=162 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S5–12 |year=2010 |pmid=20164214 |doi=10.1530/EJE-09-1063 |url=}}</ref>
** [[Methylenedioxymethamphetamine]] (MDMA, commonly called Ecstasy)  


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Mesothelioma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Mesothelioma]]
|-
|-
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Mesothelioma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Mesothelioma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carbamazepine]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Cyclophosphamide]], [[Desmopressin]], [[Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitors]], [[Nicotine]], [[Oxytocin]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenothiazines]], [[SSRI]]s, [[Tricyclic antidepressant]]s, [[Tolbutamide]], [[Vasopressin]], [[Vinblastine]], [[Vincristine]], [[Bromocriptine]],[[Clofibrate]],[[Prostaglandins]],[[Melphalan]],[[Interferon-alpha]],[[Tacrolimus]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Ibuprofen]], [[Fentanyl]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Hydrochlorthiazide]], [[Clonidine]],[[Levodopa]],[[Rituximab]], [[Methylene dioxy methamphetamine]], [[Leveteiracetam]], [[Quinolones]].
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Carbamazepine]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Cyclophosphamide]], [[Desmopressin]], [[Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitors]], [[Nicotine]], [[Oxytocin]], [[Pergolide]], [[Phenothiazines]], [[SSRI]]s, [[Tricyclic antidepressant]]s, [[Tolbutamide]], [[Vasopressin]], [[Vinblastine]], [[Vincristine]], [[Bromocriptine]],[[Clofibrate]],[[Prostaglandins]],[[Melphalan]],[[Interferon-alpha]],[[Tacrolimus]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Ibuprofen]], [[Fentanyl]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Hydrochlorthiazide]], [[Clonidine]],[[Levodopa]],[[Rituximab]], [[Methylene dioxy methamphetamine]], [[Leveteiracetam]], [[Quinolones]].
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid]],[[Hypopituitarism]],[[Hypothyroidism]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Carcinoid]],[[Hypopituitarism]],[[Hypothyroidism]]
|-  
|-  
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Mesothelioma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Mesothelioma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid]], Duodenal [[carcinoma]], [[Pancreatic cancer]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Carcinoid]], Duodenal [[carcinoma]], [[Pancreatic cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Agenesis corpus collosum]], [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Hydrocephalus]], Midline defects, [[Multiple sclerosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Agenesis corpus collosum]], [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Hydrocephalus]], Midline defects, [[Multiple sclerosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Thymoma]], [[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Thymoma]], [[Acute intermittent porphyria]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[AIDS]], Bacterial [[pneumonia]], [[Brain abscess]], [[Encephalitis]], [[Lung abscess]], Lung cavitation, [[Meningitis]], [[Tuberculosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[AIDS]], Bacterial [[pneumonia]], [[Brain abscess]], [[Encephalitis]], [[Lung abscess]], Lung cavitation, [[Meningitis]], [[Tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Ewing's sarcoma]], [[Polyradiculitis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Ewing's sarcoma]], [[Polyradiculitis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Agenesis corpus collosum]], [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Brain abscess]], [[Carcinoid]], [[Cavernous sinus thrombosis]], [[Delirium tremens]], [[Encephalitis]], [[Hydrocephalus]], [[Meningitis]], [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[Polyradiculitis]], [[Stroke]],[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]], [[ Subdural hemorrhage]],[[Guillian barre syndrome]], [[Traumatic brain injury]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Agenesis corpus collosum]], [[Amyotropic lateral sclerosis]], [[Brain abscess]], [[Carcinoid]], [[Cavernous sinus thrombosis]], [[Delirium tremens]], [[Encephalitis]], [[Hydrocephalus]], [[Meningitis]], [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[Polyradiculitis]], [[Stroke]],[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]], [[ Subdural hemorrhage]],[[Guillian barre syndrome]], [[Traumatic brain injury]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ovarian cancer]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ovarian cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Carcinoid]], Duodenal [[carcinoma]], [[Ewing's sarcoma]], [[Lung carcinoma]], [[Mesothelioma]], [[Ovarian cancer]], [[Pancreatic cancer]], [[Thymoma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Carcinoid]], Duodenal [[carcinoma]], [[Ewing's sarcoma]], [[Lung carcinoma]], [[Mesothelioma]], [[Ovarian cancer]], [[Pancreatic cancer]], [[Thymoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Delirium tremens]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Delirium tremens]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Phenothiazines]], [[Psychosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Phenothiazines]], [[Psychosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asthma]], Bacterial [[pneumonia]], [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Carcinoid]], [[Lung abscess]], [[Lung carcinoma]], Lung cavitation, [[Mesothelioma]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Tuberculosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Asthma]], Bacterial [[pneumonia]], [[Bronchial adenoma]], [[Carcinoid]], [[Lung abscess]], [[Lung carcinoma]], Lung cavitation, [[Mesothelioma]], [[Pneumothorax]], [[Tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asthma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Asthma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pneumothorax]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Pneumothorax]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| Positive pressure ventilation, [[transsphenoidal surgery]] <ref name="pmid24053496">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hussain NS, Piper M, Ludlam WG, Ludlam WH, Fuller CJ, Mayberg MR |title=Delayed postoperative hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery: prevalence and associated factors |journal=J. Neurosurg. |volume=119 |issue=6 |pages=1453–60 |year=2013 |pmid=24053496 |doi=10.3171/2013.8.JNS13411 |url=}}</ref>, [[Poly-arteritis nodosa]]<ref name="pmid1003539">{{cite journal |vauthors=Correa P, Cuello C, Duque E, Burbano LC, Garcia FT, Bolanos O, Brown C, Haenszel W |title=Gastric cancer in Colombia. III. Natural history of precursor lesions |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=1027–35 |year=1976 |pmid=1003539 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| bgcolor="Beige" | Positive pressure ventilation, [[transsphenoidal surgery]] , [[Poly-arteritis nodosa]]
|}
|}


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==References==
==References==


<ref name="pmid22029026">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pillai BP, Unnikrishnan AG, Pavithran PV |title=Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: Revisiting a classical endocrine disorder |journal=Indian J Endocrinol Metab |volume=15 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=S208–15 |year=2011 |pmid=22029026 |pmc=3183532 |doi=10.4103/2230-8210.84870 |url=}}</ref>
 
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
Line 199: Line 199:
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Revision as of 00:28, 10 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

SIADH is caused by excess of renal water reabsorption through inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, there are various causes attributed to SIADH ranging from malignancies, drugs, central nervous system causes, infectious and other miscellaneous causes. Some of the most common causes are : malignancies like small cell lung cancer, drugs like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and carbamazapine.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone causes

Common causes

Head injury

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning Mesothelioma
Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning Mesothelioma
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Carbamazepine, Chlorpropamide, Cyclophosphamide, Desmopressin, Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitors, Nicotine, Oxytocin, Pergolide, Phenothiazines, SSRIs, Tricyclic antidepressants, Tolbutamide, Vasopressin, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Bromocriptine,Clofibrate,Prostaglandins,Melphalan,Interferon-alpha,Tacrolimus, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Fentanyl, Amiodarone, Hydrochlorthiazide, Clonidine,Levodopa,Rituximab, Methylene dioxy methamphetamine, Leveteiracetam, Quinolones.
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Carcinoid,Hypopituitarism,Hypothyroidism
Environmental Mesothelioma
Gastroenterologic Carcinoid, Duodenal carcinoma, Pancreatic cancer
Genetic Agenesis corpus collosum, Amyotropic lateral sclerosis, Hydrocephalus, Midline defects, Multiple sclerosis
Hematologic Thymoma, Acute intermittent porphyria
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease AIDS, Bacterial pneumonia, Brain abscess, Encephalitis, Lung abscess, Lung cavitation, Meningitis, Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Amyotropic lateral sclerosis, Ewing's sarcoma, Polyradiculitis
Neurologic Agenesis corpus collosum, Amyotropic lateral sclerosis, Brain abscess, Carcinoid, Cavernous sinus thrombosis, Delirium tremens, Encephalitis, Hydrocephalus, Meningitis, Multiple sclerosis, Peripheral neuropathy, Polyradiculitis, Stroke,Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Subdural hemorrhage,Guillian barre syndrome, Traumatic brain injury
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic Ovarian cancer
Oncologic Bronchial adenoma, Carcinoid, Duodenal carcinoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Lung carcinoma, Mesothelioma, Ovarian cancer, Pancreatic cancer, Thymoma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Delirium tremens
Psychiatric Phenothiazines, Psychosis
Pulmonary Asthma, Bacterial pneumonia, Bronchial adenoma, Carcinoid, Lung abscess, Lung carcinoma, Lung cavitation, Mesothelioma, Pneumothorax, Tuberculosis
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Asthma
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Pneumothorax
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Positive pressure ventilation, transsphenoidal surgery , Poly-arteritis nodosa

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


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