Differentiating Alzheimer's disease from other diseases: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 14:19, 21 September 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Alzheimer's disease may be differentiated from other causes of dementia based on characteristic clinical and cognitive features.

Differentiating Alzheimer's disease from other Diseases

Alzheimer's disease may be differentiated from other causes of dementia based on characteristic clinical and cognitive features:


Cause of dementia	Clinical features											Associated features	Nature of progression	Histopathological findings
Cause of dementia	Cognitive impairment											Associated features	Nature of progression	Histopathological findings
	Recall	Recollection	Cue requirement for recall	Infirngement of thoughts	Semantic memory	Procedural memory	Working memory	Awareness	Attention	Executive functioning issues	Visuo-spatial skills
Alzheimer's disease	Slow cognitive and functional decline with early loss of awareness												Has the following clinical stages: Pre-clinical Mild cognitive impairment Advanced dementia (full blown dementia)
Lewy body dementia	Spectrum of disorders with movement, cognitive, . Includes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.											Early visual hallucinations Muscle rigidity Sleep disturbance Autonomic changes		α-synuclein deposits present in neurons
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration												Onset in young age Strong familial association Focal atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes Knife-edge atrophy noted on MRI Personality and behavioral changes Language impairment
Vascular dementia	Dysexecutive syndrome, slowed processing speed, retrieval difficulties, depression, mild motor signs in subcortical vascular dementia. Symptoms overlap with alzheimer's disease.												Stepwise progression and focal neurologic signs (also known as multi-infarct dementia or poststroke dementia)

References

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-! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Cause of dementia}}
+! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Cause of dementia}}
-! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Characteristics clinical and cognitive features}}
+! colspan="11" style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | Clinical features
+! rowspan="2" |Associated features
+! rowspan="2" |Nature of progression
+! rowspan="2" |Histopathological findings
+|-
+! colspan="11" |Cognitive impairment
+|-
+!
+!Recall
+!Recollection
+!Cue requirement for recall
+!Infirngement of thoughts
+!Semantic memory
+!Procedural memory
+!Working memory
+!Awareness
+!Attention
+!Executive functioning issues
+!Visuo-spatial skills
+!
+!
+!
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 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |[[Alzheimer's disease]]
-| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Brain disease that encompasses predementia and dementia phases. Memory changes and AD biomarker evidence required for diagnosis of probable AD. Slow cognitive and functional decline with early loss of awareness. Amnestic and nonamnestic phenotypes
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+* Slow cognitive and functional decline with early loss of awareness
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+|Has the following clinical stages:
+* Pre-clinical
+* Mild cognitive impairment
+* Advanced dementia (full blown dementia)
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 |-
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |[[Lewy body dementia]]
-| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Spectrum of disorders with movement, cognitive, autonomic changes. Includes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia. Early visual hallucinations, muscle rigidity, sleep disturbance. α-synuclein deposits present in neurons
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Spectrum of disorders with movement, cognitive, . Includes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.
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+* Early visual hallucinations
+* Muscle rigidity
+* Sleep disturbance
+* Autonomic changes
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+* α-synuclein deposits present in neurons
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 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |[[Frontotemporal lobar degeneration]]
-| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Focal atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes; knife-edge atrophy noted on MRI. Younger onset, changes in personality and behavior, language impairment, strong familial component.
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+* Onset in young age
+* Strong familial association
+* Focal atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes
+* Knife-edge atrophy noted on MRI
+* Personality and behavioral changes
+* Language impairment
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+|
 |-
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |[[Vascular dementia]]
-| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Stepwise progression and focal neurologic signs (also known as multi-infarct dementia or poststroke dementia). Dysexecutive syndrome, slowed processing speed, retrieval difficulties, depression, mild motor signs in subcortical vascular dementia. Symptoms overlap with alzheimer's disease.
+| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |Dysexecutive syndrome, slowed processing speed, retrieval difficulties, depression, mild motor signs in subcortical vascular dementia. Symptoms overlap with alzheimer's disease.
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+* Stepwise progression and focal neurologic signs (also known as multi-infarct dementia or poststroke dementia)
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 |}
 ==References==

Differentiating Alzheimer's disease from other diseases: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:19, 21 September 2017

Overview

Differentiating Alzheimer's disease from other Diseases

References

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