Chondrosarcoma natural history: Difference between revisions
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===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*Chondrosarcoma may metastatize to other organs.<ref name="pmid30363596">{{cite journal| author=Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC| title=Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb. | journal=BJR Case Rep | year= 2015 | volume= 1 | issue= 3 | pages= 20150129 | pmid=30363596 | doi=10.1259/bjrcr.20150129 | pmc=6180831 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30363596 }} </ref> | *Chondrosarcoma may [[Metastatic|metastatize]] to other [[Organ (anatomy)|organs]].<ref name="pmid30363596">{{cite journal| author=Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC| title=Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb. | journal=BJR Case Rep | year= 2015 | volume= 1 | issue= 3 | pages= 20150129 | pmid=30363596 | doi=10.1259/bjrcr.20150129 | pmc=6180831 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30363596 }} </ref> | ||
*Lung is the most common location for metastatic disease. | *[[Lung]] is the most common location for [[Metastasis|metastatic]] disease. | ||
*Chondrosarcoma can rarely metastatize to skin.<ref name="pmid30363596">{{cite journal| author=Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC| title=Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb. | journal=BJR Case Rep | year= 2015 | volume= 1 | issue= 3 | pages= 20150129 | pmid=30363596 | doi=10.1259/bjrcr.20150129 | pmc=6180831 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30363596 }} </ref> | *Chondrosarcoma can rarely [[Metastasis|metastatize]] to skin.<ref name="pmid30363596">{{cite journal| author=Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC| title=Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb. | journal=BJR Case Rep | year= 2015 | volume= 1 | issue= 3 | pages= 20150129 | pmid=30363596 | doi=10.1259/bjrcr.20150129 | pmc=6180831 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30363596 }} </ref> | ||
*Chondrosarcoma may recur and may need treatment with [[surgery]], [[chemotherapy]] or [[radiation]]. | *Chondrosarcoma may recur and may need treatment with [[surgery]], [[chemotherapy]] or [[radiation]]. | ||
*Unlike other cancers, chondrosarcoma can return many years later. | *Unlike other [[cancers]], chondrosarcoma can return many years later. | ||
*Follow up scans are extremely important for chondrosarcoma to make sure there has been no recurrence or [[metastasis]]. | *Follow up scans are extremely important for chondrosarcoma to make sure there has been no recurrence or [[metastasis]]. | ||
===Prognosis=== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
*The prognosis of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis.<ref name="pmid10534175">{{cite journal| author=Larramendy ML, Mandahl N, Mertens F, Blomqvist C, Kivioja AH, Karaharju E et al.| title=Clinical significance of genetic imbalances revealed by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas. | journal=Hum Pathol | year= 1999 | volume= 30 | issue= 10 | pages= 1247-53 | pmid=10534175 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10534175 }} </ref> | *The [[prognosis]] of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis.<ref name="pmid10534175">{{cite journal| author=Larramendy ML, Mandahl N, Mertens F, Blomqvist C, Kivioja AH, Karaharju E et al.| title=Clinical significance of genetic imbalances revealed by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas. | journal=Hum Pathol | year= 1999 | volume= 30 | issue= 10 | pages= 1247-53 | pmid=10534175 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10534175 }} </ref> | ||
**Prognosis varies with grade:<ref name="pmid890662">{{cite journal| author=Evans HL, Ayala AG, Romsdahl MM| title=Prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma of bone: a clinicopathologic analysis with emphasis on histologic grading. | journal=Cancer | year= 1977 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 818-31 | pmid=890662 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=890662 }} </ref> | **[[Prognosis]] varies with grade:<ref name="pmid890662">{{cite journal| author=Evans HL, Ayala AG, Romsdahl MM| title=Prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma of bone: a clinicopathologic analysis with emphasis on histologic grading. | journal=Cancer | year= 1977 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 818-31 | pmid=890662 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=890662 }} </ref> | ||
**Grade I tumors - 90% survival at 5 years | **Grade I tumors - 90% survival at 5 years | ||
**Grade II tumors - 81% survival at 5 years | **Grade II tumors - 81% survival at 5 years | ||
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**Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: 10% survival rate after 1 year. | **Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: 10% survival rate after 1 year. | ||
*Prognosis varies with location:<ref>{{cite book | last = Peabody | first = Terrance | title = Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system | publisher = Springer | location = Cham | year = 2014 | isbn = 9783319073224 }}</ref> | *Prognosis varies with location:<ref>{{cite book | last = Peabody | first = Terrance | title = Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system | publisher = Springer | location = Cham | year = 2014 | isbn = 9783319073224 }}</ref> | ||
**Long bones have a better prognosis than axial skeleton. | **[[Long bone|Long bones]] have a better [[prognosis]] than [[axial skeleton]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 17:41, 24 January 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Complications that can develop as a result of chondrosarcoma are metastasis and recurrence. The prognosis of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis. Chondrosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 70%. The presence of grade 3 lesions are associated with a particularly poor prognosis.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Complications
- Chondrosarcoma may metastatize to other organs.[1]
- Lung is the most common location for metastatic disease.
- Chondrosarcoma can rarely metastatize to skin.[1]
- Chondrosarcoma may recur and may need treatment with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation.
- Unlike other cancers, chondrosarcoma can return many years later.
- Follow up scans are extremely important for chondrosarcoma to make sure there has been no recurrence or metastasis.
Prognosis
- The prognosis of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis.[2]
- Depending upon the subtype, prognosis vary substantially:[4]
- Clear cell chondrosarcoma: 70% survival rate at 5 years.
- Myxoid chondrosarcoma: 70% survival rate at 5 years.
- Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: < 50% survival rate at 5 years.
- Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: 10% survival rate after 1 year.
- Prognosis varies with location:[5]
- Long bones have a better prognosis than axial skeleton.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC (2015). "Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb". BJR Case Rep. 1 (3): 20150129. doi:10.1259/bjrcr.20150129. PMC 6180831. PMID 30363596.
- ↑ Larramendy ML, Mandahl N, Mertens F, Blomqvist C, Kivioja AH, Karaharju E; et al. (1999). "Clinical significance of genetic imbalances revealed by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas". Hum Pathol. 30 (10): 1247–53. PMID 10534175.
- ↑ Evans HL, Ayala AG, Romsdahl MM (1977). "Prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma of bone: a clinicopathologic analysis with emphasis on histologic grading". Cancer. 40 (2): 818–31. PMID 890662.
- ↑ Dorfman HD, Czerniak B. Bone Tumors. St Louis: Mosby; 1998. 353-440.
- ↑ Peabody, Terrance (2014). Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system. Cham: Springer. ISBN 9783319073224.