Lung mass primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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**Eliminating tobacco smoking is a primary goal in the prevention of lung mass, and [[smoking cessation]] is an important preventative tool in this process. | **Eliminating tobacco smoking is a primary goal in the prevention of lung mass, and [[smoking cessation]] is an important preventative tool in this process. | ||
**Policy interventions to decrease [[passive smoking]] in public areas such as restaurants and workplaces have become more common in many Western countries. | **Policy interventions to decrease [[passive smoking]] in public areas such as restaurants and workplaces have become more common in many Western countries. | ||
***California | ***In 1998, California state in the United States was the first to ban smoking in public establishments. | ||
***Ireland played a similar role | ***In 2004, European countries such as Ireland played a similar role, followed by Italy and Norway in 2005, Scotland as well as several others in 2006, and England in 2007. | ||
***In 2004, New Zealand | ***In 2004, New Zealand also banned smoking in public places. | ||
***In 2005, the state of Bhutan implemented a complete smoking ban. | ***In 2005, the state of Bhutan implemented a complete smoking ban. | ||
***In many countries, pressure groups are campaigning for similar bans. Arguments cited against such bans are criminalization of smoking, increased risk of smuggling and the risk that such a ban cannot be enforced. | ***In many countries, pressure groups are campaigning for similar bans. Arguments cited against such bans are criminalization of smoking, increased risk of smuggling and the risk that such a ban cannot be enforced. | ||
Revision as of 19:45, 27 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of lung mass include smoking cessation and avoidance of second hand smoking. In general, lifestyle changes with diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants such as healthy diet rich with fruits and vegetables and regular exercise, may decrease the risk of developing cancer.
Primary Prevention
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of lung cancer include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
- Prevention is the most cost-effective means of reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with lung mass. As a result in most countries, industrial and domestic carcinogens have been identified and banned. However, tobacco smoking is still prevalent and widespread.
- Eliminating tobacco smoking is a primary goal in the prevention of lung mass, and smoking cessation is an important preventative tool in this process.
- Policy interventions to decrease passive smoking in public areas such as restaurants and workplaces have become more common in many Western countries.
- In 1998, California state in the United States was the first to ban smoking in public establishments.
- In 2004, European countries such as Ireland played a similar role, followed by Italy and Norway in 2005, Scotland as well as several others in 2006, and England in 2007.
- In 2004, New Zealand also banned smoking in public places.
- In 2005, the state of Bhutan implemented a complete smoking ban.
- In many countries, pressure groups are campaigning for similar bans. Arguments cited against such bans are criminalization of smoking, increased risk of smuggling and the risk that such a ban cannot be enforced.
References
- ↑ Ebbert JO, Yang P, Vachon CM, Vierkant RA, Cerhan JR, Folsom AR; et al. (2003). "Lung cancer risk reduction after smoking cessation: observations from a prospective cohort of women". J Clin Oncol. 21 (5): 921–6. PMID 12610194.
- ↑ Tse LA, Yu IT, Qiu H, Au JS, Wang XR, Tam W; et al. (2011). "Lung cancer decreased sharply in first 5 years after smoking cessation in Chinese men". J Thorac Oncol. 6 (10): 1670–6. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e3182217bd4. PMID 21747301.
- ↑ Villanti AC, Jiang Y, Abrams DB, Pyenson BS (2013). "A cost-utility analysis of lung cancer screening and the additional benefits of incorporating smoking cessation interventions". PLoS One. 8 (8): e71379. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071379. PMC 3737088. PMID 23940744.
- ↑ Barnard RJ (2004). "Prevention of Cancer Through Lifestyle Changes". Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 1 (3): 233–239. doi:10.1093/ecam/neh036. PMC 538507. PMID 15841256.
- ↑ Vineis, P (Feb 2007). "Lung cancers attributable to environmental tobacco smoke and air pollution in non-smokers in different European countries: a prospective study". Environmental Health. BioMed Central. 6: 7. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-6-7. PMID 17302981. Retrieved 2007-08-11. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Pandey, G (Feb 2005). "Bhutan's smokers face public ban". BBC. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
- ↑ Gray, N (Feb 2003). "A global approach to tobacco policy". Lung Cancer. BioMed Central. 39 (2): 113&ndash, 117. PMID 12581561.