Transitional cell carcinoma laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma include [[blood]] in the [[urine]], abnormal cells in the urine, and elevated [[tumor markers]] | Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma include [[blood]] in the [[urine]], abnormal cells in the urine, and elevated [[tumor markers]] such as | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
Revision as of 15:50, 15 July 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [2] Anum Gull M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma include blood in the urine, abnormal cells in the urine, and elevated tumor markers such as
Laboratory Findings
- Blood in the urine ( Gross/Microscopic)
- Abnormal cells in the urine
- Tumor marker tests: Urine biomarkers could have a significant role in determining which individuals require cystoscopy, as well as determining those who might need evaluation of the upper urinary tract.
- Bladder tumor–associated antigen (BTA)[2]
- Nuclear matrix proteins 22 (NMP)[3]
- NMP52[4]
- Mucin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
- Hyaluronic acid.[5]
- Bladder cancer associated NMP 4 (BLCA-4)[6]
- Survivin
- Cytokeratin (CK) 8 and CK 18.[7]
- Telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP)[8]
- Fibrin degradation products.[9]
- Complete blood count Low red blood cell count
- Microsatellite analysis
- Immunocytology[10]
- Elevated alkaline phosphatase
- UroVysion test is a multicolor FISH assay using probes that can detect aneuploidy of chromosomes 3, 7, or 17 or loss of the 9p21 locus.[11]
References
- ↑ Bladder Cancer. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/diagnosis/?region=ab#urinetest Accessed on October, 6 2015
- ↑ Guo A, Wang X, Gao L, Shi J, Sun C, Wan Z (2014). "Bladder tumour antigen (BTA stat) test compared to the urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis". Can Urol Assoc J. 8 (5–6): E347–52. doi:10.5489/cuaj.1668. PMC 4039599. PMID 24940462.
- ↑ Grossman HB, Messing E, Soloway M, Tomera K, Katz G, Berger Y; et al. (2005). "Detection of bladder cancer using a point-of-care proteomic assay". JAMA. 293 (7): 810–6. doi:10.1001/jama.293.7.810. PMID 15713770.
- ↑ Attallah AM, Sakr HA, Ismail H, Abdel-Hady el-SK, El-Dosoky I (2005). "An office-based immunodiagnostic assay for detecting urinary nuclear matrix protein 52 in patients with bladder cancer". BJU Int. 96 (3): 334–9. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05627.x. PMID 16042726.
- ↑ Lokeshwar VB, Obek C, Pham HT, Wei D, Young MJ, Duncan RC; et al. (2000). "Urinary hyaluronic acid and hyaluronidase: markers for bladder cancer detection and evaluation of grade". J Urol. 163 (1): 348–56. doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(05)68050-0. PMID 10604388.
- ↑ Getzenberg RH, Konety BR, Oeler TA, Quigley MM, Hakam A, Becich MJ; et al. (1996). "Bladder cancer-associated nuclear matrix proteins". Cancer Res. 56 (7): 1690–4. PMID 8603421.
- ↑ Lokeshwar VB, Selzer MG (2006). "Urinary bladder tumor markers". Urol Oncol. 24 (6): 528–37. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2006.07.003. PMID 17138134.
- ↑ Kim NW, Piatyszek MA, Prowse KR, Harley CB, West MD, Ho PL; et al. (1994). "Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer". Science. 266 (5193): 2011–5. doi:10.1126/science.7605428. PMID 7605428.
- ↑ Kim NW, Piatyszek MA, Prowse KR, Harley CB, West MD, Ho PL; et al. (1994). "Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer". Science. 266 (5193): 2011–5. doi:10.1126/science.7605428. PMID 7605428.
- ↑ Têtu B, Tiguert R, Harel F, Fradet Y (2005). "ImmunoCyt/uCyt+ improves the sensitivity of urine cytology in patients followed for urothelial carcinoma". Mod Pathol. 18 (1): 83–9. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800262. PMID 15389253.
- ↑ Yoder BJ, Skacel M, Hedgepeth R, Babineau D, Ulchaker JC, Liou LS; et al. (2007). "Reflex UroVysion testing of bladder cancer surveillance patients with equivocal or negative urine cytology: a prospective study with focus on the natural history of anticipatory positive findings". Am J Clin Pathol. 127 (2): 295–301. doi:10.1309/ADJL7E810U1H42BJ. PMID 17210520.