Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Physical examination of patients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is usually remarkable for ill and sometimes confused appearance, orthostatic hypotension, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, dysarthria, altered mental status, confusion, disorientation, delirium, generalized muscle weakness, generalized seizures, coma, myoclonus, tremor, asterixis, hyporeflexia, and ataxia.

Physical Examination

• Physical examination of patients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is usually remarkable for following findings:

Appearance of the patient

• Patients with SIADH usually appear ill and sometimes confused.

Vital Signs

• Orthostatic hypotension
• Cheyne-Stokes respiration

HEENT

• Dysarthria

Neuromuscular

• Altered mental status
• Confusion
• Disorientation
• Delirium
• Generalized muscle weakness
• Generalized seizures
• Coma

Extremities

• Myoclonus
• Tremor
• Asterixis
• Hyporeflexia
• Ataxia