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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| [[Chronic renal failure]] causes disturbances in not only the filtration function of the kidney, but also on normal functioning of virtually every organ in the body. | | [[Chronic renal failure]] causes disturbances in not only the filtration function of the kidney, but also on normal functioning of virtually every organ in the body. |
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| ==Signs==
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| {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Improves with optimal program of dialysis and related therapy'''
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Persists or worsens after optimal program of dialysis and related therapy'''
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Develops only after initiation of dialysis therapy'''
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Fluid and Electrolytes'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypervolemia|Volume expansion]], [[Hyponatremia]], [[Hyperkalemia]], [[Hyperphosphatemia]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Endocrine-Metabolic disturbances'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Secondary hyperparathyroidism]], Vitamin-D deficient [[osteomalacia]], Carbohydrate resistance, [[Hyperuricemia]], [[Hypertriglyceridemia]], [[Protein-energy malnutrition]], [[Amenorrhea]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Secondary hyperparathyroidism]], [[Hyperuricemia]], [[Hypertriglyceridemia]], Increased [[lipoprotein (a)]] levels, Decreased [[HDL]] levels, [[Protein-energy malnutrition]], Impaired growth and development, [[Infertility]], [[Sexual dysfunction]], [[Amenorrhea]], [[Beta-2 microglobulin]] associated [[amyloidosis]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| Adynamic bone, [[Beta-2 microglobulin]] associated [[amyloidosis]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Neuromuscular disturbances'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Fatigue]], Impaired mentation, [[Lethargy]], [[Asterixis]], [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[Restless leg syndrome]], [[Myoclonus]], [[Seizures]], [[Coma]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sleep disorders]], [[Headache]], [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[Restless leg syndrome]], [[Seizures]], [[Muscle cramps]], [[Myopathy]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Muscle cramps]], [[Myopathy]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Cardiovacsular and Pulmonary'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Systemic hypertension]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Pulmonary edema]], [[Pericarditis]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], Uremic lung
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Systemic hypertension]], [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], Accelerated [[atherosclerosis]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], Accelerated [[atherosclerosis]], [[Hypotension]] and [[arrhythmia]]s
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Dermatology'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pallor]], [[Hyperpigmentation]], [[Ecchymoses]], [[Uremic frost]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pruritis]], [[Hyperpigmentation]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperpigmentation]], [[Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Gastro-intestinal disturbances'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia]], [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]], [[Gastroenteritis]], [[Peptic ulcer]], [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Peptic ulcer]], [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]], Idiopathic [[ascites]], [[Peritonitis]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Hematologic and immunologic disturbances'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anemia]], [[Bleeding diathesis]], Increased susceptibility to infections
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lymphocytopenia]], Increased susceptibility to infections
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bleeding diathesis]], [[Leukopenia]], [[Thrombocytopenia]]
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| |}
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