Chronic renal failure physical examination: Difference between revisions
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*[[Tachypnea]] may be present. | *[[Tachypnea]] may be present. | ||
==Pre-cordial examination== | ==Heart== | ||
===Pre-cordial examination=== | |||
*Left ventricular [[heave]] | *Left ventricular [[heave]] | ||
===Auscultation=== | |||
*S4 may be heard. | |||
==Lungs== | |||
===Auscultation=== | ===Auscultation=== | ||
*Pericardial [[friction rub]] from [[pericarditis]]. | *Pericardial [[friction rub]] from [[pericarditis]]. | ||
*[[Rales/Crackles]] from [[pulmonary edema]] | *[[Rales/Crackles]] from [[pulmonary edema]] | ||
==Fundoscopy== | ==HEENT== | ||
===Fundoscopy=== | |||
*[[Fundoscopy]] is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as an evidence of [[diabetic retinopathy]] or [[hypertensive retinopathy]]. | *[[Fundoscopy]] is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as an evidence of [[diabetic retinopathy]] or [[hypertensive retinopathy]]. | ||
Revision as of 16:34, 25 July 2012
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Chronic renal failure Microchapters |
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Chronic renal failure physical examination On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Chronic renal failure physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Chronic renal failure causes disturbances in not only the filtration function of the kidney, but also on normal functioning of virtually every organ in the body. Symptoms and overt signs of kidney disease are often subtle or absent until renal failure ensues. Thus, the diagnosis of chronic renal failure often take the patient by surprise and may be a cause of denial.
Appearance
The patient may have difficulty breathing from complications of chronic renal failure like pulmonary edema and pericarditis. Peripheral edema is most often present.
Vitals
- Hypertension may be present and is a potential cause for renal damage.
- Tachypnea may be present.
Heart
Pre-cordial examination
- Left ventricular heave
Auscultation
- S4 may be heard.
Lungs
Auscultation
- Pericardial friction rub from pericarditis.
- Rales/Crackles from pulmonary edema
HEENT
Fundoscopy
- Fundoscopy is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as an evidence of diabetic retinopathy or hypertensive retinopathy.
Neurologic examination
Extremities
- Peripheral edema may be present.