Chronic renal failure physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Vitals== | ==Vitals== | ||
===Blood Pressure=== | ===Blood Pressure=== | ||
*[[Hypertension]] may be present and is a potential cause for renal damage | *[[Hypertension]] may be present and is a potential cause for renal damage | ||
===Respiratory Rate=== | ===Respiratory Rate=== | ||
*[[Tachypnea]] may be present | *[[Tachypnea]] may be present | ||
==HEENT== | ==HEENT== | ||
===Fundoscopy=== | ===Fundoscopy=== | ||
*[[Fundoscopy]] is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as evidence of [[diabetic retinopathy]] or [[hypertensive retinopathy]] | *[[Fundoscopy]] is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as evidence of [[diabetic retinopathy]] or [[hypertensive retinopathy]] | ||
==Heart== | ==Heart== | ||
===Pre-cordial examination=== | ===Pre-cordial examination=== | ||
*Left ventricular [[heave]] | *Left ventricular [[heave]] may be present | ||
===Auscultation=== | ===Auscultation=== | ||
*[[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]] may be heard | *[[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]] may be heard | ||
*Pericardial [[friction rub]] from [[pericarditis]] | *Pericardial [[friction rub]] from [[pericarditis]] may be present | ||
==Lungs== | ==Lungs== | ||
Revision as of 15:41, 30 July 2012
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Chronic renal failure Microchapters |
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Chronic renal failure physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chronic renal failure physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Chronic renal failure physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Chronic renal failure causes disturbances in not only the filtration function of the kidney, but also in the normal functioning of virtually every organ in the body. Symptoms and overt signs of kidney disease are often subtle or absent until renal failure ensues. Thus, the diagnosis of chronic renal failure often take the patient by surprise.
Appearance of the Patient
The patient may have difficulty breathing from complications of chronic renal failure such as pulmonary edema and pericarditis. Peripheral edema is most often present.
Vitals
Blood Pressure
- Hypertension may be present and is a potential cause for renal damage
Respiratory Rate
- Tachypnea may be present
HEENT
Fundoscopy
- Fundoscopy is important in evaluating diabetic and hypertensive patients to look for retinal damage as evidence of diabetic retinopathy or hypertensive retinopathy
Heart
Pre-cordial examination
- Left ventricular heave may be present
Auscultation
- S4 may be heard
- Pericardial friction rub from pericarditis may be present
Lungs
Auscultation
Extremities
- Peripheral edema may be present.