Chronic renal failure history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

There are no pathognomonic symptoms associated with chronic renal failure. Malaise, nausea, unintentional weight loss, pruritus, lower extremity edema, and sleep disorders are common non-specific symptoms of chronic renal failure.

Personal History and Symptoms

Dermatologic

• Pruritus

Neuromuscular

• Anorexia
• Fatigue
• Nausea (especially in the morning)
• Sleep disturbances and sleep apnea
• Hiccups
• Dry mouth
• Headache
• Reduced sense of smell and taste
• Lower extremity cramps and edema
• Restless legs
• Extremity numbness, paresthesias, and weakness (sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy)
• Seizures
• Decreased mental acquity
• Coma

Cardiothoracic

• Chest pain (uremic pericarditis)

Abdominal

• Abdominal distention (serositis)
• Abdominal discomfort

Hematologic

• Skin pallor
• Bleeding tendency

Metabolic

• Unintentional weight loss
• Amenorrhea
• Sexual dysfunction
  • Loss of libido
  • Impotence
• Failure to thrive (in children)

Family History

• Renal diseases
• History of dialysis or renal transplantation
• History of hearing loss (Alport's syndrome)
• History of inborn errors of metabolism (Fabry disease or cystinuria)

Medications History

• History of excessive NSAID use
• Chronic exposure to nephrotoxic agents (e.g. heavy metals)