Peutz-Jeghers syndrome physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]

Overview

Common physical examination findings of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome include mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation, abdominal tenderness due to intussusception, bowel obstruction, and pallor due to anemia.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

If cancer develops, patient may appear cachectic

Vitals

Temperature

• Fever may be present, if cancer develops

Respiratory Rate

• Tachypnea may be present, if lung cancer develops

Skin

• Jaundice may be present, if pancreatic cancer develops

Eyes

• Icteric sclera may be present

Throat

• Oral mucosa

• Mucocutaneous pigmentation causing patches of hyperpigmentation in the oral mucosa (gingiva, hard palate, buccal mucosa, and labial mucosa)

Neck

• Lymph nodes may be present, if cancer develops

Lungs

• If lung cancer develops, the patient may present with the following:

• Pulmonary edema and rales may be present
• Wheezing may be present
• Consolidation may be present with reduced breath sounds on auscultation
• Rales may be present
• Egophony may be present
• Chest movement may be asymmetric

Abdomen

• Abdominal distention may be present
• Abdominal tenderness may be present
• Rebound tenderness may be present
• An acute abdomen may be present, if intussusception develops
• An abdominal mass may be present, if hepatic or pancreatic cancers develop
• Guarding may be present
• Hepatomegaly may be present, if hepatic cancer develops

Extremities

• Patches of hyperpigmentation on the hands and feet
• Clubbing may be present, if lung cancer develops
• Cyanosis may be present, if lung cancer develops

References

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