Amenorrhea classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
Amenorrhea may be classified according to etiology into three subtypes, including primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, and functional amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea is basically referred to a young girl that has not experienced menarche, at all, classified as hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and functional amenorrhea. Secondary amenorrhea reflects a woman that has ordinary menstruation cycles, experiencing at least 3 months of menstruation cycle absence, classified as polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, hypothalamic-pituitary failure, and ovarian failure. Functional amenorrhea is a subtype of the amenorrhea caused by exaggerated different lifestyles, classified as stress, weight loss, and exercise related groups.
Classification
- Amenorrhea may be classified according to etiology into three subtypes:
- Primary amenorrhea
- Secondary amenorrhea
- Functional amenorrhea
- The main classification of amenorrhea is based on the etiology, including primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, and functional amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea is basically referred to a young girl that has not experienced menarche, at all. Secondary amenorrhea reflects a woman that has ordinary menstruation cycles, experiencing at least 3 months of menstruation cycle absence. Functional amenorrhea is a subtype of the amenorrhea caused by exaggerated different lifestyles.
- Each of the subtypes of amenorrhea has their own classification, as following:
| Amenorrhea classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life style etiology | Lack of menarche | Lack of mensturation more than 3 months | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Functional amenorrhea | Primary amenorrhea | Secondary amenorrhea | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stress related | Weight loss related | Exercise related | Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism | Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism | Eugonadotropic | Polycystic ovary syndrome | Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction | Hypothalamic-pituitary failure | Ovarian failure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amenorrhea is broadly classified as primary and secondary.
- Primary amenorrhea there is absence of menarche by the age of 16. Menstruation cycles never begin. There will be a delay of menses one year beyond the family history of first menses.
- Secondary amenorrhea is defined as absence of menses in a woman who had previously menstruated for at least 3 cycles or 6 months. Secondary amenorrhea is more common than primary amenorrhea.
The other type of classification based on the levels of gonadotropic hormones includes:
- Hypogonadotropic amenorrhoea refers to conditions where there are very low levels of serum FSH and LH.
- Normogonadotropic amenorrhoea - FSH levels are in the normal range.