Chronic renal failure pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to chronic kidney disease stem from the underlying etiologies responsible for the primary renal damage. The initial insult is responsible for a decrease in the number of functional nephrons. However; beyond that initial insult, a form of maladaptive systemic and renal response arises that maintains and perpetuates the existing renal disease. With the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a combination of mechanisms herald a progressive loss of nephrons. Broadly, 3 main mechanisms exist related in part to the activation of the RAAS: hyperfiltration, inflammation, and accelerated fibrosis.
