Amenorrhea causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
Causes
Primary Amenorrhea[1] [2]
- 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
- Agonadism
- After trauma
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Anovulation
- Complete androgen insenstivity syndrome
- Constitutional bradygenesis
- Constitutional delay of puberty
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Early infantile brain damage
- Gonadal dysgenesis
- Homozygous adrenogenital syndrome
- Hymenal atresia
- Hyperandrogenism
- Hypothalamic and pituitary tumors
- Idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency
- Kallmann's Syndrome
- Mayer-Rokitansky-Hauser Syndrome
- Mullerian dysgenesis
- Outflow tract disorders
- Pituitary insufficiency
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
- Post-hormonal contraceptive Amenorrhea
- Severe systemic diseases
- Swyer's Syndrome
- Testicular feminization
- Turner's Syndrome
- Uterine atresia
- Uterine hypoplasia
- Vaginal atresia / gynatresia
Secondary Amenorrhea
- 5-alpha-reductase deficiency
- Addiction
- Addison's Disease
- Adrenocortical insuffiency
- After curettage
- After hysterectomy
- After radiation (can be reversed)
- Adrenal tumors
- Anovulation
- Asherman's Syndrome
- Autoimmune diseases
- Body building (and use of androgens)
- Castration (radiation or surgical)
- Central nervous system tumor (CNS)
- Cervical stenosis
- Change of environment
- Complete and incomplete androgen insensitivity
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Craniocerebral trauma
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Depression
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Drug Side Effect- Chlorpromazine, Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol, Docetaxel, Epirubicin hydrochloride, Ethynodiol diacetate and ethinyl estradiol, Fluoxymesterone, Histrelin, Iloperidone, Loxapine, Medroxyprogesterone, Norgestimate and Ethinyl estradiol, Norgestrel and Ethinyl estradiol, Sertraline, Methyltestosterone, Olanzapine, Pramipexole, Prochlorperazine, Tiagabine, Trifluoperazine
- Encephalitis
- Enzymatic defects in testosterone biosynthesis
- Exposure to maternal androgens in utero
- Extreme obesity
- During chemotherapy
- Functional hypothalalmic Amenorrhea due to:
- Stress
- Eating disorders
- Excessive exercise
- Weight loss
- Gonadotropin deficiency in tumors
- Hormone-active ovarian tumor
- Hermaphroditism
- Heterozygous adrenogenital syndrome
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Hysterectomy
- Imprisonment
- Meningitis
- Mullerian anomalies
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Pituitary insufficiency
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Post-hormonal contraception
- Post-infection (mumps, severe pelvic inflammatory disease)
- Postoerative gonadotropin deficiency
- Pregnancy
- Premature menopause
- Prolactinoma
- Sheehan's Syndrome
- Stress
- Testicular feminization
- Transsexuality when taking androgens
- Turner's Syndrome
- Uterine cavity sclerosis
- Uterine Schistosomiasis
- Abortion
- Severe generalized infections of the pelvis
- Post uterine surgery
- Overzealous or repeated uterine curettage
- Tuberculosis endometritis
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Pregnancy
- Breast feeding
- Perimenopause
- Menopause
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |