Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology

Chondrosarcoma Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Chondrosarcoma from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology
CDC on Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology
Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology in the news
Blogs on Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology
Directions to Hospitals Treating Chondrosarcoma
Risk calculators and risk factors for Chondrosarcoma pathophysiology

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivali Marketkar, M.B.B.S. [2]

Pathophysiology

Gross Pathology

Characteristic features of chondrosarcoma on gross pathology are:

• Greyish-white lobulated mass
• Necrosis
• Calcification
• Mucoid degeneration

Microscopic Pathology

In general chondrosarcomas are multilobulated (due to hyaline cartilage nodules) with central high water content and peripheral enchondral ossification. Characteristic features on microscopic analysis are variable depending on the chondrosarcoma subtype:

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor with a characteristic biphasic pattern:

• Poorly differentiated small round blue cells.
• Islands of well-differentiated hyaline cartilage.
  • Progressive maturation of cartilage towards the center.
  • Central calcification or bone formation.
• Can have a hemangiopericytomatous vascular pattern.

Islands of cartilage in a background of small blue cells

Myxoid chondrosarcoma

• Myxoid background.
• small cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm.

Anastomizing chords of small neoplastic cells surround mucin pools

Chords of neoplastic cells surround mucin pools

Clear cell chondrosarcoma

• Lobules of uniform to polymorphic densely-packed large cells.
• Well defined pushing borders.
• Clear to intensively acidophilic granular cytoplasm with vacuoles.
• Central nuclei with occasional prominent nucleoli.
• Low mitotic rate.
• Clear cell areas lack production of hyaline chondroid matrix.
• Areas with osteoclast-type giant cells mixed with small trabeculae of reactive bone.
• May contain conventional low-grade chondrosarcoma.
• May have secondary aneurysmal bone cyst changes.

High grade round cells with cytoplasmic clearing

The lesion also had areas of more conventional chondrosarcoma

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma

• Poorly differentiated (mesenchymal) malignancy.
• Well-differentiated cartilaginous component.

Video

Below is a video of Extraskeletal Myxoid chondrosarcoma {{#ev:youtube|DxljkFd9xew}}

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources