Transitional cell carcinoma pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Gross Pathology
Microscopic Pathology
- Flat lesions
- Papillary lesions
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, fibrovascular stalks, umbrella cells, and eosinophilic cytoplasm are characteristic findings.
- Invasive urothelial carcinoma
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, invasion beyond the basement membrane is the characteristic finding.[4]
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References
- ↑ Cheng L, Cheville JC, Neumann RM, Bostwick DG (2000). "Flat intraepithelial lesions of the urinary bladder". Cancer. 88 (3): 625–31. PMID 10649257.
- ↑ McKenney JK, Amin MB, Young RH (2003). "Urothelial (transitional cell) papilloma of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic study of 26 cases". Mod Pathol. 16 (7): 623–9. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000073973.74228.1E. PMID 12861056.
- ↑ Picozzi S, Casellato S, Bozzini G, Ratti D, Macchi A, Rubino B; et al. (2013). "Inverted papilloma of the bladder: a review and an analysis of the recent literature of 365 patients". Urol Oncol. 31 (8): 1584–90. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2012.03.009. PMID 22520573.
- ↑ Pons F, Orsola A, Morote J, Bellmunt J (2011). "Variant forms of bladder cancer: basic considerations on treatment approaches". Curr Oncol Rep. 13 (3): 216–21. doi:10.1007/s11912-011-0161-4. PMID 21360040.