The 3D-structure of the archaeal homolog of XPB has been solved by X-ray crystallography by Dr. John Tainer and his group at The Scripps Research Institute.[1]
The function of the XPB(ERCC3) protein in NER is to assist in unwinding the DNA double helix after damage is initially recognized. NER is a multi-step pathway that removes a wide range of different DNA damages that distort normal base pairing. Such damages include bulky chemical adducts, UV-induced pyrimidine dimers, and several forms of oxidative damage. Mutations in the XPB(ERCC3) gene can lead, in humans, to xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) or XP combined with Cockayne syndrome (XPCS).[2] Mutant XPB cells from individuals with the XPCS phenotype are sensitive to UV irradiation and acute oxidative stress.[3]
↑Fan L, Arvai AS, Cooper PK, Iwai S, Hanaoka F, Tainer JA (April 2006). "Conserved XPB Core Structure and Motifs for DNA Unwinding: Implications for Pathway Selection of Transcription or Excision Repair". Molecular Cell. 22 (1): 27–37. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.02.017. PMID16600867.
↑Oh KS, Khan SG, Jaspers NG, Raams A, Ueda T, Lehmann A, Friedmann PS, Emmert S, Gratchev A, Lachlan K, Lucassan A, Baker CC, Kraemer KH (2006). "Phenotypic heterogeneity in the XPB DNA helicase gene (ERCC3): xeroderma pigmentosum without and with Cockayne syndrome". Hum. Mutat. 27 (11): 1092–103. doi:10.1002/humu.20392. PMID16947863.
↑ 5.05.15.25.35.45.5Giglia-Mari G, Coin F, Ranish JA, Hoogstraten D, Theil A, Wijgers N, Jaspers NG, Raams A, Argentini M, van der Spek PJ, Botta E, Stefanini M, Egly JM, Aebersold R, Hoeijmakers JH, Vermeulen W (July 2004). "A new, tenth subunit of TFIIH is responsible for the DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy group A". Nat. Genet. 36 (7): 714–9. doi:10.1038/ng1387. PMID15220921.
↑Yee A, Nichols MA, Wu L, Hall FL, Kobayashi R, Xiong Y (December 1995). "Molecular cloning of CDK7-associated human MAT1, a cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase (CAK) assembly factor". Cancer Res. 55 (24): 6058–62. PMID8521393.
↑Drapkin R, Reardon JT, Ansari A, Huang JC, Zawel L, Ahn K, Sancar A, Reinberg D (April 1994). "Dual role of TFIIH in DNA excision repair and in transcription by RNA polymerase II". Nature. 368 (6473): 769–72. doi:10.1038/368769a0. PMID8152490.
↑Iyer N, Reagan MS, Wu KJ, Canagarajah B, Friedberg EC (February 1996). "Interactions involving the human RNA polymerase II transcription/nucleotide excision repair complex TFIIH, the nucleotide excision repair protein XPG, and Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein". Biochemistry. 35 (7): 2157–67. doi:10.1021/bi9524124. PMID8652557.
↑Yokoi M, Masutani C, Maekawa T, Sugasawa K, Ohkuma Y, Hanaoka F (March 2000). "The xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein complex XPC-HR23B plays an important role in the recruitment of transcription factor IIH to damaged DNA". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (13): 9870–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.13.9870. PMID10734143.
Further reading
Jeang KT (1998). "Tat, Tat-associated kinase, and transcription". J. Biomed. Sci. 5 (1): 24–7. doi:10.1007/BF02253352. PMID9570510.
Yankulov K, Bentley D (1998). "Transcriptional control: Tat cofactors and transcriptional elongation". Curr. Biol. 8 (13): R447–9. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70289-1. PMID9651670.
Weeda G, Wiegant J, van der Ploeg M, Geurts van Kessel AH, van der Eb AJ, Hoeijmakers JH (1991). "Localization of the xeroderma pigmentosum group B-correcting gene ERCC3 to human chromosome 2q21". Genomics. 10 (4): 1035–1040. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90195-K. PMID1916809.
Weeda G, van Ham RC, Vermeulen W, Bootsma D, van der Eb AJ, Hoeijmakers JH (1990). "A presumed DNA helicase encoded by ERCC-3 is involved in the human repair disorders xeroderma pigmentosum and Cockayne's syndrome". Cell. 62 (4): 777–91. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90122-U. PMID2167179.
Wang XW, Yeh H, Schaeffer L, Roy R, Moncollin V, Egly JM, Wang Z, Freidberg EC, Evans MK, Taffe BG (1995). "p53 modulation of TFIIH-associated nucleotide excision repair activity". Nat. Genet. 10 (2): 188–95. doi:10.1038/ng0695-188. PMID7663514.
Maxon ME, Goodrich JA, Tjian R (1994). "Transcription factor IIE binds preferentially to RNA polymerase IIa and recruits TFIIH: a model for promoter clearance". Genes Dev. 8 (5): 515–24. doi:10.1101/gad.8.5.515. PMID7926747.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID8125298.
Drapkin R, Reardon JT, Ansari A, Huang JC, Zawel L, Ahn K, Sancar A, Reinberg D (1994). "Dual role of TFIIH in DNA excision repair and in transcription by RNA polymerase II". Nature. 368 (6473): 769–72. doi:10.1038/368769a0. PMID8152490.
Guzder SN, Sung P, Bailly V, Prakash L, Prakash S (1994). "RAD25 is a DNA helicase required for DNA repair and RNA polymerase II transcription". Nature. 369 (6481): 578–81. doi:10.1038/369578a0. PMID8202161.
Scott RJ, Itin P, Kleijer WJ, Kolb K, Arlett C, Muller H (1993). "Xeroderma pigmentosum-Cockayne syndrome complex in two patients: absence of skin tumors despite severe deficiency of DNA excision repair". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 29 (5 Pt 2): 883–9. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(93)70263-S. PMID8408834.
Iyer N, Reagan MS, Wu KJ, Canagarajah B, Friedberg EC (1996). "Interactions involving the human RNA polymerase II transcription/nucleotide excision repair complex TFIIH, the nucleotide excision repair protein XPG, and Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein". Biochemistry. 35 (7): 2157–2167. doi:10.1021/bi9524124. PMID8652557.
Hwang JR, Moncollin V, Vermeulen W, Seroz T, van Vuuren H, Hoeijmakers JH, Egly JM (1996). "A 3' --> 5' XPB helicase defect in repair/transcription factor TFIIH of xeroderma pigmentosum group B affects both DNA repair and transcription". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (27): 15898–904. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.27.15898. PMID8663148.