Autoimmune retinopathy other diagnostic studies
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: M. Hassan, M.B.B.S
Overview
Other Diagnostic Studies
Other ancillary tests may aid in the diagnosis of AIR, including fluorescein angiography (FA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF).
Fluorescein angiography
On fluorescein angiography, leakage of retinal vasculature is seen.
Optical coherence tomography
On optical coherence tomography, cystoid macular edema is observed.
Fundus autofluorescence
On fundus autofluorescence, parafoveal hyperautofluorescent ring was seen, which showed a disruption of the inner-outer segment junction and thin outer nuclear and photoreceptor layers on spectral domain. (1)
Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry may also be used to localize the binding of anti-retinal antibodies to the cellular structures in the retinal tissue. However, this is the least sensitive technique, and is unable to determine the type of autoimmune retinopathy. (1)
ELISA
Unlike immunohistochemistry, ELISA is highly sensitive, but it requires identification of the antigen of interest before testing.