Hexobarbital: Difference between revisions

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{{drugbox
<div style="float: right;">
| IUPAC_name = 5-(1-cyclohexenyl)- 1,5-dimethyl- hexahydropyrimidine- 2,4,6-trione
[[File:Hexobarbital.png|thumb|none|400px|This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.]]</div>
| image = Hexobarbital.png
__NOTOC__
| width = 155
| CAS_number = 56-29-1
| ATC_prefix = N01
| ATC_suffix = AF02
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|N05|CA16}}
| PubChem = 3608
| DrugBank = EXPT03301
| C=12 | H=16 | N=2 | O=3
| molecular_weight = 236.267 g/mol
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound = 25%
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S4 / S8 -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only -->
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration =
}}
 
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
{{EH}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Hexobarbital''' is a [[barbiturate]] derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s-1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. However it can be difficult to control the depth of anesthesia with hexobarbital which makes it quite dangerous, and it has now been replaced by safer drugs in human medicine, usually [[thiopental]] would be the barbiturate of choice for this application these days. Hexobarbital was also marketed as a rapid-acting sleeping pill with short duration (tradenames: Citopan, Evipan and others, usually in 250 mg strength tablets). Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research.
'''Hexobarbital''' (as known in the [[US]]), or '''hexobarbitone''' (as known elsewhere), sold both in acid and sodium salt forms as '''Citopan''', '''Evipan''', and '''Tobinal''' (usually in 250-mgm. strength tablets), is a [[barbiturate]] derivative having [[hypnotic]] and [[sedative]] effects. It was used in the 1940s-1950s as an agent for inducing [[anesthesia]] for surgery, as well as a rapid-acting, short-lasting hypnotic for general use, and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. However it can be difficult to control the depth of anesthesia with hexobarbital which makes it quite dangerous, and it has now been replaced by safer drugs in human medicine; usually [[thiopental]] would be the barbiturate of choice for this application these days.  Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research.


==Further reading==
==References==
* {{cite journal | author = Takenoshita R, Toki S | title = [New aspects of hexobarbital metabolism: stereoselective metabolism, new metabolic pathway via GSH conjugation, and 3-hydroxyhexobarbital dehydrogenases] | journal = Yakugaku Zasshi | volume = 124 | issue = 12 | pages = 857-71 | year = 2004 | id = PMID 15577260}}
{{reflist|2}}
* {{cite journal | author = Wahlström G | title = A study of the duration of acute tolerance induced with hexobarbital in male rats. | journal = Pharmacol Biochem Behav | volume = 59 | issue = 4 | pages = 945-8 | year = 1998 | id = PMID 9586853}}
* {{cite journal | author = Korkmaz S, Ljungblad E, Wahlström G | title = Interaction between flumazenil and the anesthetic effects of hexobarbital in the rat. | journal = Brain Res | volume = 676 | issue = 2 | pages = 371-7 | year = 1995 | id = PMID 7614008}}
* {{cite journal | author = Dall V, Orntoft U, Schmidt A, Nordholm L | title = Interaction of the competitive AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX with hexobarbital. | journal = Pharmacol Biochem Behav | volume = 46 | issue = 1 | pages = 73-6 | year = 1993 | id = PMID 8255925}}


{{Barbiturates}}
{{General anesthetics}}
{{General anesthetics}}
{{Hypnotics and sedatives}}
{{Hypnotics and sedatives}}


[[Category:Barbiturates]]
[[Category:Barbiturates]]
[[Category:Sedatives]]
[[Category:Drug]]
[[Category:Anesthetics]]
 
{{SIB}}
 
[[de:Hexobarbital]]
[[fi:Heksobarbitaali]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
{{WH}}

Latest revision as of 14:18, 8 April 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Hexobarbital (as known in the US), or hexobarbitone (as known elsewhere), sold both in acid and sodium salt forms as Citopan, Evipan, and Tobinal (usually in 250-mgm. strength tablets), is a barbiturate derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s-1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery, as well as a rapid-acting, short-lasting hypnotic for general use, and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. However it can be difficult to control the depth of anesthesia with hexobarbital which makes it quite dangerous, and it has now been replaced by safer drugs in human medicine; usually thiopental would be the barbiturate of choice for this application these days. Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research.

References

Template:General anesthetics