Dermoid cyst CT
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Dermoid cyst CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]
Overview
CT
Ovarian Dermoid Cyst
- Although dermoid cysts (composed only of epidermal elements) and teratomas (composed of mesodermal and endodermal elements) in the ovary have histological differences, the imaging findings are very similar.[1]
- CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of ovarian dermoid cyst. Findings on CT scan suggestive of ovarian dermoid cyst include:[2][3]
- Low attenuating areas of fat and fat-fluid levels
- Rokitansky protuberance (or a dermoid plug which is a protuberance arising from the tumor wall and contains hair follicles and often fragments of bone or teeth)
- Malignant transformation should be suspected when the cyst develops any of the following features:[1]
- Size greater than 10 cm
- Soft tissue plugs
- Cauliflower appearance with irregular borders
- Findings on CT scan suggestive of a ruptured ovarian dermoid cyst include:[4][1]
- Hypoattenuating fatty fluid below the right hemidiaphragm which is a pathognomonic finding
Spinal Dermoid Cyst
- CT scan is helpful in the diagnosis of spinal dermoid cyst. Findings on CT scan suggestive of spinal dermoid cyst includes:[5]
- Well defined mass
- Isodense to CSF, often with hypodense components (fat)
- Calcification may be present
- Minimal enhancement may be demonstrated
- Widening of the spinal canal
- Flattening of the pedicles and laminae
- Osseous erosions may be demonstrated
Intracranial Dermoid Cyst
- CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of intracranial dermoid cyst. Findings on CT scan suggestive of intracranial dermoid cyst include:[6]
- Well defined low attenuating (fat density) lobulated mass
- Calcifications may be present in the wall.
- Enhancement is uncommon. However, a thin peripheral rim enhancement may be present.
- Rarely the dermoid cysts in the posterior fossa may appear hyperdense from a combination of saponification, microcalcification, and blood products.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mature (cystic) ovarian teratoma. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/mature-cystic-ovarian-teratoma Radiopedia. Accessed on February 11, 2016
- ↑ Sheth S, Fishman EK, Buck JL, Hamper UM, Sanders RC (1988). "The variable sonographic appearances of ovarian teratomas: correlation with CT". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 151 (2): 331–4. doi:10.2214/ajr.151.2.331. PMID 3293377.
- ↑ Occhipinti KA, Frankel SD, Hricak H (1993). "The ovary. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging". Radiol Clin North Am. 31 (5): 1115–32. PMID 8362057.
- ↑ Fibus TF (2000). "Intraperitoneal rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma: findings at CT and MR imaging". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174 (1): 261–2. doi:10.2214/ajr.174.1.1740261. PMID 10628494.
- ↑ Spinal dermoid cyst. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/spinal-dermoid-cyst. Accessed on February 18, 2016.
- ↑ Intracranial dermoid cyst. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/intracranial-dermoid-cyst-1. Accessed on February 11, 2016.