Transforming growth factor beta receptor I (activin A receptor type II-like kinase, 53kDa) is a membrane-bound receptor protein for the TGF beta superfamily of signaling ligands. TGFBR1 is its human gene.
Defects are observed when the TGFBR-1 gene is either knocked-out or when a constitutively active TGFBR-1 mutant (that is active in the presence or absence of ligand) is knocked-in.
In mouse TGFBR-1 knock-out models, the female mice were sterile. They developed oviductal diverticula and defective uterine smooth muscle, meaning that uterine smooth muscle layers were poorly formed. Oviductal diverticula are small, bulging pouches located on the oviduct, which is the tube that transports the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. This deformity of the oviduct occurred bilaterally and resulted in impaired embryo development and impaired transit of the embryos to the uterus. Ovulation and fertilization still occurred in the knock-outs, however remnants of embryos were found in these oviductal diverticula.[20]
In mouse TGFBR-1 knock-in models where a constitutively active TGFBR-1 gene is conditionally induced, the over-activation of the TGFBR-1 receptors lead to infertility, a reduction in the number of uterine glands, and hypermuscled uteri (an increased amount of smooth muscle in the uteri).[21]
These experiments show that the TGFB-1 receptor plays a critical role in the function of the female reproductive tract. They also show that genetic mutations in the TGFBR-1 gene may lead to fertility issues in women.
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↑Guerrero-Esteo M, Sanchez-Elsner T, Letamendia A, Bernabeu C (August 2002). "Extracellular and cytoplasmic domains of endoglin interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptors I and II". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (32): 29197–209. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111991200. PMID12015308.
↑Barbara NP, Wrana JL, Letarte M (January 1999). "Endoglin is an accessory protein that interacts with the signaling receptor complex of multiple members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (2): 584–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.2.584. PMID9872992.
↑Wang T, Donahoe PK, Zervos AS (July 1994). "Specific interaction of type I receptors of the TGF-beta family with the immunophilin FKBP-12". Science. 265 (5172): 674–6. doi:10.1126/science.7518616. PMID7518616.
↑Kawabata M, Imamura T, Miyazono K, Engel ME, Moses HL (December 1995). "Interaction of the transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor with farnesyl-protein transferase-alpha". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (50): 29628–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.50.29628. PMID8530343.
↑Mochizuki T, Miyazaki H, Hara T, Furuya T, Imamura T, Watabe T, Miyazono K (July 2004). "Roles for the MH2 domain of Smad7 in the specific inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (30): 31568–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M313977200. PMID15148321.
↑Kavsak P, Rasmussen RK, Causing CG, Bonni S, Zhu H, Thomsen GH, Wrana JL (December 2000). "Smad7 binds to Smurf2 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets the TGF beta receptor for degradation". Molecular Cell. 6 (6): 1365–75. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)00134-9. PMID11163210.
↑Hayashi H, Abdollah S, Qiu Y, Cai J, Xu YY, Grinnell BW, Richardson MA, Topper JN, Gimbrone MA, Wrana JL, Falb D (June 1997). "The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGFbeta receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGFbeta signaling". Cell. 89 (7): 1165–73. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80303-7. PMID9215638.
↑Datta PK, Chytil A, Gorska AE, Moses HL (December 1998). "Identification of STRAP, a novel WD domain protein in transforming growth factor-beta signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (52): 34671–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.52.34671. PMID9856985.
↑Ebner R, Chen RH, Lawler S, Zioncheck T, Derynck R (November 1993). "Determination of type I receptor specificity by the type II receptors for TGF-beta or activin". Science. 262 (5135): 900–2. doi:10.1126/science.8235612. PMID8235612.
↑Kawabata M, Chytil A, Moses HL (March 1995). "Cloning of a novel type II serine/threonine kinase receptor through interaction with the type I transforming growth factor-beta receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (10): 5625–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.10.5625. PMID7890683.
Wrana JL (1998). "TGF-beta receptors and signalling mechanisms". Mineral and Electrolyte Metabolism. 24 (2–3): 120–30. doi:10.1159/000057359. PMID9525694.
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