Chemokines are a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Chemokines are divided into 2 major subfamilies, CXC and CC, based on the arrangement of the first 2 of the 4 conserved cysteine residues; the 2 cysteines are separated by a single amino acid in CXC chemokines and are adjacent in CC chemokines.[2]
CCR10 is a chemokine receptor. Its ligands are CCL27 and CCL28.[3] This receptor is normally expressed by melanocytes,[4] plasma cells and skin-homing T cells. B16 melanoma cell transduction of CCR10 significantly increases the development of lymph nodemetastasis in mice after inoculation in the skin,[5] suggesting a role for the receptor in directing metastasis. CCR10-CCL27 interactions are involved in T cell-mediated skin inflammation.[6]
References
↑Marchese A, Docherty JM, Nguyen T, Heiber M, Cheng R, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Shi X, George SR, O'Dowd BF (Mar 1995). "Cloning of human genes encoding novel G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 23 (3): 609–18. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1549. PMID7851889.
↑Homey B, Alenius H, Müller A, Soto H, Bowman EP, Yuan W, McEvoy L, Lauerma AI, Assmann T, Bünemann E, Lehto M, Wolff H, Yen D, Marxhausen H, To W, Sedgwick J, Ruzicka T, Lehmann P, Zlotnik A (February 2002). "CCL27-CCR10 interactions regulate T cell-mediated skin inflammation". Nat. Med. 8 (2): 157–65. doi:10.1038/nm0202-157. PMID11821900.
Further reading
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID8889548.
Bonini JA, Martin SK, Dralyuk F, et al. (1997). "Cloning, expression, and chromosomal mapping of a novel human CC-chemokine receptor (CCR10) that displays high-affinity binding for MCP-1 and MCP-3". DNA Cell Biol. 16 (10): 1249–56. doi:10.1089/dna.1997.16.1249. PMID9364936.
Gosling J, Dairaghi DJ, Wang Y, et al. (2000). "Cutting edge: identification of a novel chemokine receptor that binds dendritic cell- and T cell-active chemokines including ELC, SLC, and TECK". J. Immunol. 164 (6): 2851–6. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.6.2851. PMID10706668.
Jarmin DI, Rits M, Bota D, et al. (2000). "Cutting edge: identification of the orphan receptor G-protein-coupled receptor 2 as CCR10, a specific receptor for the chemokine ESkine". J. Immunol. 164 (7): 3460–4. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3460. PMID10725696.
Homey B, Wang W, Soto H, et al. (2000). "Cutting edge: the orphan chemokine receptor G protein-coupled receptor-2 (GPR-2, CCR10) binds the skin-associated chemokine CCL27 (CTACK/ALP/ILC)". J. Immunol. 164 (7): 3465–70. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3465. PMID10725697.
Wang W, Soto H, Oldham ER, et al. (2000). "Identification of a novel chemokine (CCL28), which binds CCR10 (GPR2)". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (29): 22313–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001461200. PMID10781587.
Pan J, Kunkel EJ, Gosslar U, et al. (2000). "A novel chemokine ligand for CCR10 and CCR3 expressed by epithelial cells in mucosal tissues". J. Immunol. 165 (6): 2943–9. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.6.2943. PMID10975800.
Patel L, Charlton SJ, Chambers JK, Macphee CH (2001). "Expression and functional analysis of chemokine receptors in human peripheral blood leukocyte populations". Cytokine. 14 (1): 27–36. doi:10.1006/cyto.2000.0851. PMID11298490.
Homey B, Alenius H, Müller A, et al. (2002). "CCL27-CCR10 interactions regulate T cell-mediated skin inflammation". Nat. Med. 8 (2): 157–65. doi:10.1038/nm0202-157. PMID11821900.
Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, et al. (2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. PMID14667819.
Notohamiprodjo M, Segerer S, Huss R, et al. (2005). "CCR10 is expressed in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma". Int. J. Cancer. 115 (4): 641–7. doi:10.1002/ijc.20922. PMID15700309.
Rodrigues-Lisoni FC, Mehet DK, Mehemet DK, et al. (2006). "In vitro and in vivo studies on CCR10 regulation by Annexin A1". FEBS Lett. 580 (5): 1431–8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.072. PMID16460738.
Fujita Y, Abe R, Sasaki M, et al. (2006). "Presence of circulating CCR10+ T cells and elevated serum CTACK/CCL27 in the early stage of mycosis fungoides". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (9): 2670–5. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1513. PMID16675558.
Eksteen B, Miles A, Curbishley SM, et al. (2006). "Epithelial inflammation is associated with CCL28 production and the recruitment of regulatory T cells expressing CCR10". J. Immunol. 177 (1): 593–603. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.1.593. PMID16785557.
Harasawa H, Yamada Y, Hieshima K, et al. (2007). "Survey of chemokine receptor expression reveals frequent co-expression of skin-homing CCR4 and CCR10 in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma". Leuk. Lymphoma. 47 (10): 2163–73. doi:10.1080/10428190600775599. PMID17071491.