SEMA4D

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	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Semaphorin-4D (SEMA4D) also known as Cluster of Differentiation 100 (CD100), is a protein of the semaphorin family that in humans is encoded by the SEMA4D gene.^[1]

Function

Semaphorin 4D (Sema 4D) is an axon guidance molecule which is secreted by oligodendrocytes and induces growth cone collapse in the central nervous system. By binding plexin B1 receptor it functions as an R-Ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and repels axon growth cones in both the mature central nervous system.^[2]

In the immune system, CD100 binds CD72 to activate B cells and dendritic cells, though much about this interaction is still under investigation.^[3]^[4]

During skin damage repairs, SEMA4D interacts with Plexin B2 on gamma delta t cells to play a role in the healing process.^[5]

References

↑ "Entrez Gene: SEMA4D sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4D".
↑ Ito Y, Oinuma I, Katoh H, Kaibuchi K, Negishi M (July 2006). "Sema4D/plexin-B1 activates GSK-3β through R-Ras GAP activity, inducing growth cone collapse". EMBO Reports. 7 (7): 704–9. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400737. PMC 1500830. PMID 16799460.
↑ Kumanogoh A, Watanabe C, Lee I, Wang X, Shi W, Araki H, Hirata H, Iwahori K, Uchida J, Yasui T, Matsumoto M, Yoshida K, Yakura H, Pan C, Parnes JR, Kikutani H (November 2000). "Identification of CD72 as a lymphocyte receptor for the class IV semaphorin CD100: a novel mechanism for regulating B cell signaling". Immunity. 13 (5): 621–31. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)00062-5. PMID 11114375.
↑ Ishida I, Kumanogoh A, Suzuki K, Akahani S, Noda K, Kikutani H (August 2003). "Involvement of CD100, a lymphocyte semaphorin, in the activation of the human immune system via CD72: implications for the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses". Int. Immunol. 15 (8): 1027–34. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg098. PMID 12882840.
↑ Deborah A. Witherden; Megumi Watanabe; Olivia Garijo; Stephanie E. Rieder; Gor Sarkisyan; Shane J.F. Cronin; Petra Verdino; Ian A. Wilson; Atsushi Kumanogoh; Hitoshi Kikutani; Luc Teyton; Wolfgang H. Fischer; Wendy L. Havran (August 2012). "The CD100 Receptor Interacts with Its Plexin B2 Ligand to Regulate Epidermal γδ T Cell Function". Immunity. 37 (2): 314–25. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.05.026.

Bougeret C, Mansur IG, Dastot H, et al. (1992). "Increased surface expression of a newly identified 150-kDa dimer early after human T lymphocyte activation". J. Immunol. 148 (2): 318–23. PMID 1530858.
Hall KT, Boumsell L, Schultze JL, et al. (1996). "Human CD100, a novel leukocyte semaphorin that promotes B-cell aggregation and differentiation". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (21): 11780–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11780. PMC 38135. PMID 8876214.
Herold C, Elhabazi A, Bismuth G, et al. (1997). "CD100 is associated with CD45 at the surface of human T lymphocytes. Role in T cell homotypic adhesion". J. Immunol. 157 (12): 5262–8. PMID 8955171.
Furuyama T, Inagaki S, Kosugi A, et al. (1997). "Identification of a novel transmembrane semaphorin expressed on lymphocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (52): 33376–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.52.33376. PMID 8969198.
Tamagnone L, Artigiani S, Chen H, et al. (1999). "Plexins are a large family of receptors for transmembrane, secreted, and GPI-anchored semaphorins in vertebrates". Cell. 99 (1): 71–80. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80063-X. PMID 10520995.
Elhabazi A, Delaire S, Bensussan A, et al. (2001). "Biological activity of soluble CD100. I. The extracellular region of CD100 is released from the surface of T lymphocytes by regulated proteolysis". J. Immunol. 166 (7): 4341–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.7.4341. PMID 11254687.
Delaire S, Billard C, Tordjman R, et al. (2001). "Biological activity of soluble CD100. II. Soluble CD100, similarly to H-SemaIII, inhibits immune cell migration". J. Immunol. 166 (7): 4348–54. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.7.4348. PMID 11254688.
Vikis HG, Li W, Guan KL (2002). "The Plexin-B1/Rac interaction inhibits PAK activation and enhances Sema4D ligand binding". Genes Dev. 16 (7): 836–45. doi:10.1101/gad.966402. PMC 186329. PMID 11937491.
Granziero L, Circosta P, Scielzo C, et al. (2003). "CD100/Plexin-B1 interactions sustain proliferation and survival of normal and leukemic CD5+ B lymphocytes". Blood. 101 (5): 1962–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-05-1339. PMID 12406905.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Izmailova E, Bertley FM, Huang Q, et al. (2003). "HIV-1 Tat reprograms immature dendritic cells to express chemoattractants for activated T cells and macrophages". Nat. Med. 9 (2): 191–7. doi:10.1038/nm822. PMID 12539042.
Love CA, Harlos K, Mavaddat N, et al. (2003). "The ligand-binding face of the semaphorins revealed by the high-resolution crystal structure of SEMA4D". Nat. Struct. Biol. 10 (10): 843–8. doi:10.1038/nsb977. PMID 12958590.
Giraudon P, Vincent P, Vuaillat C, et al. (2004). "Semaphorin CD100 from activated T lymphocytes induces process extension collapse in oligodendrocytes and death of immature neural cells". J. Immunol. 172 (2): 1246–55. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.2.1246. PMID 14707103.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Deaglio S, Vaisitti T, Bergui L, et al. (2005). "CD38 and CD100 lead a network of surface receptors relaying positive signals for B-CLL growth and survival". Blood. 105 (8): 3042–50. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-10-3873. PMID 15613544.
Conrotto P, Valdembri D, Corso S, et al. (2005). "Sema4D induces angiogenesis through Met recruitment by Plexin B1". Blood. 105 (11): 4321–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-07-2885. PMID 15632204.
Basile JR, Afkhami T, Gutkind JS (2005). "Semaphorin 4D/Plexin-B1 Induces Endothelial Cell Migration through the Activation of PYK2, Src, and the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt Pathway". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (16): 6889–98. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.16.6889-6898.2005. PMC 1190270. PMID 16055703.
Lewandrowski U, Moebius J, Walter U, Sickmann A (2006). "Elucidation of N-glycosylation sites on human platelet proteins: a glycoproteomic approach". Mol. Cell. Proteomics. 5 (2): 226–33. doi:10.1074/mcp.M500324-MCP200. PMID 16263699.
Nkyimbeng-Takwi EH, Chapoval SP (2011). "Biology and function of neuroimmune semaphorins 4A and 4D". Immunol. Res. 50 (1): 10–21. doi:10.1007/s12026-010-8201-y. PMC 3366695. PMID 21203905.
Smith EP, Shanks K, Lipsky MM, DeTolla LJ, Keegan AD, Chapoval SP (2011). "Expression of neuroimmune semaphorins 4A and 4D and their receptors in the lung is enhanced by allergen and vascular endothelial growth factor". BMC Immunol. 12: 30. doi:10.1186/1471-2172-12-30. PMC 3118960. PMID 21595947.
Shanks K, Nkyimbeng-Takwi EH, Smith EP, Lipsky MM, DeTolla LJ, Keegan AD, Chapoval SP (2013). "Neuroimmune semaphorin 4D is necessary for optimal lung allergic inflammation". Mol. Immunol. 56 (4): 480–7. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.228. PMC 3783523. PMID 23911404.

External links

SEMA4D+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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[entrez-1] "Entrez Gene: SEMA4D sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4D".

[pmid16799460-2] Ito Y, Oinuma I, Katoh H, Kaibuchi K, Negishi M (July 2006). "Sema4D/plexin-B1 activates GSK-3β through R-Ras GAP activity, inducing growth cone collapse". EMBO Reports. 7 (7): 704–9. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400737. PMC 1500830. PMID 16799460.

[pmid11114375-3] Kumanogoh A, Watanabe C, Lee I, Wang X, Shi W, Araki H, Hirata H, Iwahori K, Uchida J, Yasui T, Matsumoto M, Yoshida K, Yakura H, Pan C, Parnes JR, Kikutani H (November 2000). "Identification of CD72 as a lymphocyte receptor for the class IV semaphorin CD100: a novel mechanism for regulating B cell signaling". Immunity. 13 (5): 621–31. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)00062-5. PMID 11114375.

[pmid12882840-4] Ishida I, Kumanogoh A, Suzuki K, Akahani S, Noda K, Kikutani H (August 2003). "Involvement of CD100, a lymphocyte semaphorin, in the activation of the human immune system via CD72: implications for the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses". Int. Immunol. 15 (8): 1027–34. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg098. PMID 12882840.

[Witherden-5] Deborah A. Witherden; Megumi Watanabe; Olivia Garijo; Stephanie E. Rieder; Gor Sarkisyan; Shane J.F. Cronin; Petra Verdino; Ian A. Wilson; Atsushi Kumanogoh; Hitoshi Kikutani; Luc Teyton; Wolfgang H. Fischer; Wendy L. Havran (August 2012). "The CD100 Receptor Interacts with Its Plexin B2 Ligand to Regulate Epidermal γδ T Cell Function". Immunity. 37 (2): 314–25. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.05.026.

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v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1-50	CD1 a-c 1A 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50
51-100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100
101-150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150
151-200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200
201-250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249
251-300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299
301-350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

SEMA4D

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SEMA4D

Function

See also

References

Further reading

External links

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