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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b''' is a [[protein]] that, in humans, is encoded by the ''FCGR2B'' [[gene]]. FCGR2B (CD32B) is a "[[Receptor binding affinity|low affinity]]" receptor for [[Immunoglobulin G]] (IgG). Mutation in the gene in humans leads to a lupus phenotype.<ref name="pmid2139735">{{cite journal | vauthors = Qiu WQ, de Bruin D, Brownstein BH, Pearse R, Ravetch JV | title = Organization of the human and mouse low-affinity Fc gamma R genes: duplication and recombination | journal = Science | volume = 248 | issue = 4956 | pages = 732–5 |date=Jun 1990 | pmid = 2139735 | pmc =  | doi =10.1126/science.2139735 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: FCGR2B Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2213| accessdate = }}</ref> The cytoplasmic part of this receptor contains an [[immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif]], in contrast to the activating [[isoform]], FCGR2A (CD32A).
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{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_FCGR2B_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1fcg.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1fcg}}, {{PDB2|1h9v}}, {{PDB2|2fcb}}
| Name = Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32)
| HGNCid = 3618
| Symbol = FCGR2B
| AltSymbols =; CD32; FCG2; FCGR2; IGFR2; CD32B
| OMIM = 604590
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 2974
| MGIid = 95499
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019864 |text = IgG binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 2213
    | Hs_Ensembl =
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_001129592
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_001129592
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =   
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr =   
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 
    | Hs_Uniprot = 
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 14130
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000026656
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001077189
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001070657
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 172797236
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 172812709
    | Mm_Uniprot = P97918
  }}
}}
'''Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32)''', also known as '''FCGR2B''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: FCGR2B Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2213| accessdate = }}</ref>


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==Function==
The inhibitory CD32B is expressed on [[B cell]]s and myeloid [[dendritic cell]]s.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Activating and inhibitory IgG Fc receptors on human DCs mediate opposing functions|journal=J Clin Invest|year=2005|volume=115|issue=10|pages=2914–23|doi=10.1172/JCI24772|pmid=16167082|vauthors=Boruchov AM, Heller G, Veri MC, Bonvini E, Ravetch JV, Young JW|pmc=1201664}} {{open access}} {{link note|note=Free full text}}</ref> Ligation of CD32B on B cells downregulates [[antibody]] production and may, in some circumstances, promote [[apoptosis]]. Co-ligation of CD32B on dendritic cells inhibits maturation and blocks cell activation.  CD32B may also be a target for [[monoclonal antibody]] therapy for malignancies.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Rankin CT, Veri MC, Gorlatov S, Tuaillon N, Burke S, Huang L, Inzunza HD, Li H, Thomas S, Johnson S, Stavenhagen J, Koenig S, Bonvini E |url=http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16757681 |title=CD32B, the human inhibitory Fc-γ receptor IIB, as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma |journal=Blood |volume=108 |issue=7 |pages=2384–91 |year=2006 |doi=10.1182/blood-2006-05-020602 |pmid=16757681}} {{open access}} {{link note|note=Free full text}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Zhou P, Comenzo RL, Olshen AB, Bonvini E, Koenig S, Maslak PG, Fleisher M, Hoffman J, Jhanwar S, Young JW, Nimer SD, Boruchov AM |title=CD32B is highly expressed on clonal plasma cells from patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis and provides a target for monoclonal antibody–based therapy |journal=Blood |volume=111 |issue=7 |pages=3403–6 |year=2008 |doi=10.1182/blood-2007-11-125526 |pmid=18216299 |pmc=2275009}} {{open access}} {{link note|note=Free full text}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
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{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Tsuchiya N, Kyogoku C |title=Role of Fc gamma receptor IIb polymorphism in the genetic background of systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from Asia. |journal=Autoimmunity |volume=38 |issue= 5 |pages= 347-52 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16227149 |doi= 10.1080/08916930500123926 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Tsuchiya N, Kyogoku C |title=Role of Fc gamma receptor IIb polymorphism in the genetic background of systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from Asia. |journal=Autoimmunity |volume=38 |issue= 5 |pages= 347–52 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16227149 |doi= 10.1080/08916930500123926 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Qiu WQ, de Bruin D, Brownstein BH, ''et al.'' |title=Organization of the human and mouse low-affinity Fc gamma R genes: duplication and recombination. |journal=Science |volume=248 |issue= 4956 |pages= 732-5 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2139735 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Engelhardt W, Geerds C, Frey J |title=Distribution, inducibility and biological function of the cloned and expressed human beta Fc receptor II. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 1367–77 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2142460 |doi=10.1002/eji.1830200624  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Engelhardt W, Geerds C, Frey J |title=Distribution, inducibility and biological function of the cloned and expressed human beta Fc receptor II. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 1367-77 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2142460 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Seki T |title=Identification of multiple isoforms of the low-affinity human IgG Fc receptor. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=30 |issue= 1 |pages= 5–12 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2526077 |doi=10.1007/BF02421463 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Seki T |title=Identification of multiple isoforms of the low-affinity human IgG Fc receptor. |journal=Immunogenetics |volume=30 |issue= 1 |pages= 5-12 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2526077 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Brooks DG, Qiu WQ, Luster AD, Ravetch JV |title=Structure and expression of human IgG FcRII(CD32). Functional heterogeneity is encoded by the alternatively spliced products of multiple genes. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=170 |issue= 4 |pages= 1369–85 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2529342 |doi=10.1084/jem.170.4.1369  | pmc=2189488 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Brooks DG, Qiu WQ, Luster AD, Ravetch JV |title=Structure and expression of human IgG FcRII(CD32). Functional heterogeneity is encoded by the alternatively spliced products of multiple genes. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=170 |issue= 4 |pages= 1369-85 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2529342 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Stuart SG, Simister NE, Clarkson SB |title=Human IgG Fc receptor (hFcRII; CD32) exists as multiple isoforms in macrophages, lymphocytes and IgG-transporting placental epithelium. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=8 |issue= 12 |pages= 3657–66 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2531080 |doi=  | pmc=402048  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Stuart SG, Simister NE, Clarkson SB, ''et al.'' |title=Human IgG Fc receptor (hFcRII; CD32) exists as multiple isoforms in macrophages, lymphocytes and IgG-transporting placental epithelium. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=8 |issue= 12 |pages= 3657-66 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2531080 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Stengelin S, Stamenkovic I, Seed B |title=Isolation of cDNAs for two distinct human Fc receptors by ligand affinity cloning. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 1053–9 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3402431 |doi= | pmc=454434 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Stengelin S, Stamenkovic I, Seed B |title=Isolation of cDNAs for two distinct human Fc receptors by ligand affinity cloning. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 1053-9 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3402431 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Engelhardt W, Matzke J, Schmidt RE |title=Activation-dependent expression of low affinity IgG receptors Fc gamma RII(CD32) and Fc gamma RIII(CD16) in subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. |journal=Immunobiology |volume=192 |issue= 5 |pages= 297–320 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7649565 |doi=  10.1016/s0171-2985(11)80172-5}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Engelhardt W, Matzke J, Schmidt RE |title=Activation-dependent expression of low affinity IgG receptors Fc gamma RII(CD32) and Fc gamma RIII(CD16) in subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. |journal=Immunobiology |volume=192 |issue= 5 |pages= 297-320 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7649565 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=D'Ambrosio D, Hippen KL, Minskoff SA |title=Recruitment and activation of PTP1C in negative regulation of antigen receptor signaling by Fc gamma RIIB1. |journal=Science |volume=268 |issue= 5208 |pages= 293–7 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7716523 |doi=10.1126/science.7716523 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=D'Ambrosio D, Hippen KL, Minskoff SA, ''et al.'' |title=Recruitment and activation of PTP1C in negative regulation of antigen receptor signaling by Fc gamma RIIB1. |journal=Science |volume=268 |issue= 5208 |pages= 293-7 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7716523 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Warmerdam PA, van den Herik-Oudijk IE, Parren PW |title=Interaction of a human Fc gamma RIIb1 (CD32) isoform with murine and human IgG subclasses. |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=5 |issue= 3 |pages= 239–47 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8466861 |doi=10.1093/intimm/5.3.239  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Warmerdam PA, van den Herik-Oudijk IE, Parren PW, ''et al.'' |title=Interaction of a human Fc gamma RIIb1 (CD32) isoform with murine and human IgG subclasses. |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=5 |issue= 3 |pages= 239-47 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8466861 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Budde P |title=In vivo and in vitro specificity of protein tyrosine kinases for immunoglobulin G receptor (FcgammaRII) phosphorylation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 9 |pages= 4735–43 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8756631 |doi=  | pmc=231474  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Budde P, ''et al.'' |title=In vivo and in vitro specificity of protein tyrosine kinases for immunoglobulin G receptor (FcgammaRII) phosphorylation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 9 |pages= 4735-43 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8756631 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Sandilands GP, MacPherson SA, Burnett ER |title=Differential expression of CD32 isoforms following alloactivation of human T cells. |journal=Immunology |volume=91 |issue= 2 |pages= 204–11 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9227318 |doi=10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00241.x | pmc=1363848  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sandilands GP, MacPherson SA, Burnett ER, ''et al.'' |title=Differential expression of CD32 isoforms following alloactivation of human T cells. |journal=Immunology |volume=91 |issue= 2 |pages= 204-11 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9227318 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=De SK, Venkateshan CN, Seth P |title=Adenovirus-mediated human immunodeficiency virus-1 Nef expression in human monocytes/macrophages and effect of Nef on downmodulation of Fcgamma receptors and expression of monokines. |journal=Blood |volume=91 |issue= 6 |pages= 2108–17 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9490697 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=De SK, Venkateshan CN, Seth P, ''et al.'' |title=Adenovirus-mediated human immunodeficiency virus-1 Nef expression in human monocytes/macrophages and effect of Nef on downmodulation of Fcgamma receptors and expression of monokines. |journal=Blood |volume=91 |issue= 6 |pages= 2108-17 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9490697 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Metes D, Ernst LK, Chambers WH |title=Expression of functional CD32 molecules on human NK cells is determined by an allelic polymorphism of the FcgammaRIIC gene. |journal=Blood |volume=91 |issue= 7 |pages= 2369–80 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9516136 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Metes D, Ernst LK, Chambers WH, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of functional CD32 molecules on human NK cells is determined by an allelic polymorphism of the FcgammaRIIC gene. |journal=Blood |volume=91 |issue= 7 |pages= 2369-80 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9516136 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Sondermann P, Huber R, Jacob U |title=Crystal structure of the soluble form of the human fcgamma-receptor IIb: a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily at 1.7 A resolution. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=18 |issue= 5 |pages= 1095–103 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10064577 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/18.5.1095  | pmc=1171201 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sondermann P, Huber R, Jacob U |title=Crystal structure of the soluble form of the human fcgamma-receptor IIb: a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily at 1.7 A resolution. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=18 |issue= 5 |pages= 1095-103 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10064577 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/18.5.1095 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Muraille E, Bruhns P, Pesesse X |title=The SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP2 associates to the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif of Fc gammaRIIB in B cells under negative signaling. |journal=Immunol. Lett. |volume=72 |issue= 1 |pages= 7–15 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10789675 |doi=10.1016/S0165-2478(00)00162-0  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Muraille E, Bruhns P, Pesesse X, ''et al.'' |title=The SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP2 associates to the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif of Fc gammaRIIB in B cells under negative signaling. |journal=Immunol. Lett. |volume=72 |issue= 1 |pages= 7-15 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10789675 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Pricop L, Redecha P, Teillaud JL |title=Differential modulation of stimulatory and inhibitory Fc gamma receptors on human monocytes by Th1 and Th2 cytokines. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 1 |pages= 531–7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11123333 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.166.1.531|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Pricop L, Redecha P, Teillaud JL, ''et al.'' |title=Differential modulation of stimulatory and inhibitory Fc gamma receptors on human monocytes by Th1 and Th2 cytokines. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 1 |pages= 531-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11123333 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Lyden TW, Robinson JM, Tridandapani S |title=The Fc receptor for IgG expressed in the villus endothelium of human placenta is Fc gamma RIIb2. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 6 |pages= 3882–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11238632 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.166.6.3882|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lyden TW, Robinson JM, Tridandapani S, ''et al.'' |title=The Fc receptor for IgG expressed in the villus endothelium of human placenta is Fc gamma RIIb2. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 6 |pages= 3882-9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11238632 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Bharadwaj D, Mold C, Markham E, Du Clos TW |title=Serum amyloid P component binds to Fc gamma receptors and opsonizes particles for phagocytosis. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 11 |pages= 6735–41 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11359830 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.166.11.6735}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bharadwaj D, Mold C, Markham E, Du Clos TW |title=Serum amyloid P component binds to Fc gamma receptors and opsonizes particles for phagocytosis. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=166 |issue= 11 |pages= 6735-41 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11359830 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Jessup CF, Ridings J, Ho A |title=The Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RII; CD32) on human neonatal B lymphocytes. |journal=Hum. Immunol. |volume=62 |issue= 7 |pages= 679–85 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11423173 |doi=10.1016/S0198-8859(01)00257-9 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Jessup CF, Ridings J, Ho A, ''et al.'' |title=The Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RII; CD32) on human neonatal B lymphocytes. |journal=Hum. Immunol. |volume=62 |issue= 7 |pages= 679-85 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11423173 |doi=  }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=2213}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{MeshName|FCGR2B+protein,+human}}
* {{MeshName|FCGR2B+protein,+human}}


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[[Category:Glycoproteins]]
[[Category:Clusters of differentiation]]
[[Category:Clusters of differentiation]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Fc receptors]]
 
 
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Latest revision as of 04:43, 31 August 2017

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External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
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Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the FCGR2B gene. FCGR2B (CD32B) is a "low affinity" receptor for Immunoglobulin G (IgG). Mutation in the gene in humans leads to a lupus phenotype.[1][2] The cytoplasmic part of this receptor contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, in contrast to the activating isoform, FCGR2A (CD32A).


Function

The inhibitory CD32B is expressed on B cells and myeloid dendritic cells.[3] Ligation of CD32B on B cells downregulates antibody production and may, in some circumstances, promote apoptosis. Co-ligation of CD32B on dendritic cells inhibits maturation and blocks cell activation. CD32B may also be a target for monoclonal antibody therapy for malignancies.[4][5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Qiu WQ, de Bruin D, Brownstein BH, Pearse R, Ravetch JV (Jun 1990). "Organization of the human and mouse low-affinity Fc gamma R genes: duplication and recombination". Science. 248 (4956): 732–5. doi:10.1126/science.2139735. PMID 2139735.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: FCGR2B Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor (CD32)".
  3. ↑ Boruchov AM, Heller G, Veri MC, Bonvini E, Ravetch JV, Young JW (2005). "Activating and inhibitory IgG Fc receptors on human DCs mediate opposing functions". J Clin Invest. 115 (10): 2914–23. doi:10.1172/JCI24772. PMC 1201664. PMID 16167082. open access publication – free to read (Free full text)
  4. ↑ Rankin CT, Veri MC, Gorlatov S, Tuaillon N, Burke S, Huang L, Inzunza HD, Li H, Thomas S, Johnson S, Stavenhagen J, Koenig S, Bonvini E (2006). "CD32B, the human inhibitory Fc-γ receptor IIB, as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma". Blood. 108 (7): 2384–91. doi:10.1182/blood-2006-05-020602. PMID 16757681. open access publication – free to read (Free full text)
  5. ↑ Zhou P, Comenzo RL, Olshen AB, Bonvini E, Koenig S, Maslak PG, Fleisher M, Hoffman J, Jhanwar S, Young JW, Nimer SD, Boruchov AM (2008). "CD32B is highly expressed on clonal plasma cells from patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis and provides a target for monoclonal antibody–based therapy". Blood. 111 (7): 3403–6. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-11-125526. PMC 2275009. PMID 18216299. open access publication – free to read (Free full text)

Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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