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{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Trace amine-associated receptor 5''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''TAAR5'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9464258">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zeng Z, Fan P, Rand E, Kyaw H, Su K, Madike V, Carter KC, Li Y | title = Cloning of a putative human neurotransmitter receptor expressed in skeletal muscle and brain | journal = Biochem Biophys Res Commun | volume = 242 | issue = 3 | pages = 575–8 |date=Mar 1998 | pmid = 9464258 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7591 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15718104">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lindemann L, Ebeling M, Kratochwil NA, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Hoener MC | title = Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors | journal = Genomics | volume = 85 | issue = 3 | pages = 372–85 |date=Feb 2005 | pmid = 15718104 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.11.010 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TAAR5 trace amine associated receptor 5| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9038| accessdate = }}</ref> In vertebrates, TAAR5 is expressed in the [[olfactory epithelium]].<ref name="TAAR 2015 review - olfactory TAARs" />


 
Human TAAR5 (hTAAR5) is a functional [[trace amine-associated receptor]] which acts as an [[olfactory receptor]] for [[tertiary amine]]s.<ref name="TAAR 2015 review - olfactory TAARs">{{cite journal | vauthors = Liberles SD | title = Trace amine-associated receptors: ligands, neural circuits, and behaviors | journal = Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. | volume = 34 | issue = | pages = 1–7 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25616211 | doi = 10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.001 | quote = All TAARs except TAAR1 function as olfactory receptors, based on studies in rodent, primate, and fish [4,7,10]. TAAR expression is highly enriched in the olfactory system by quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, with little or no expression in other tissues examined [4].| pmc = 4508243 }}</ref><ref name="Microbial biosynthesis of bioactive compounds" /> [[Trimethylamine]] and {{nowrap|[[N,N-dimethylethylamine|''N'',''N''-dimethylethylamine]]}} are [[full agonist]]s of hTAAR5.<ref name="Microbial biosynthesis of bioactive compounds">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang LS, Davies SS | title = Microbial metabolism of dietary components to bioactive metabolites: opportunities for new therapeutic interventions | journal = Genome Med | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 46 | date = April 2016 | pmid = 27102537 | pmc = 4840492 | doi = 10.1186/s13073-016-0296-x | quote = }}<br />[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4840492/table/Tab2/ Table 2: Microbial metabolites: their synthesis, mechanisms of action, and effects on health and disease]<br />[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4840492/figure/Fig1/ Figure 1: Molecular mechanisms of action of indole and its metabolites on host physiology and disease]</ref><ref name="pmid23393561">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wallrabenstein I, Kuklan J, Weber L, Zborala S, Werner M, Altmüller J, Becker C, Schmidt A, Hatt H, Hummel T, Gisselmann G |title=Human trace amine-associated receptor TAAR5 can be activated by trimethylamine |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=e54950 |year=2013 |pmid=23393561 |pmc=3564852 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0054950 |url=}}</ref><ref name="hTAAR5 ligands">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang J, Pacifico R, Cawley D, Feinstein P, Bozza T | title = Ultrasensitive detection of amines by a trace amine-associated receptor | journal = J. Neurosci. | volume = 33 | issue = 7 | pages = 3228–39 |date=February 2013  | pmid = 23407976 | pmc = 3711460 | doi = 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4299-12.2013 | quote = We show that [human TAAR5] responds to the tertiary amine N,N-dimethylethylamine and to a lesser extent to trimethylamine, a structurally related agonist for mouse and rat TAAR5 (Liberles and Buck, 2006; Staubert et al., 2010; Ferrero et al., 2012).}}</ref> The amber-woody fragrance timberol antagonizes this activity of trimethylamine.<ref name="hTAAR5 and trimethylamine aversion">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wallrabenstein I, Singer M, Panten J, Hatt H, Gisselmann G | title = Timberol® Inhibits TAAR5-Mediated Responses to Trimethylamine and Influences the Olfactory Threshold in Humans | journal = PLOS One | volume = 10 | issue = 12 | pages = e0144704 | date = 2015 | pmid = 26684881 | pmc = 4684214 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0144704 | quote = While mice produce gender-specific amounts of urinary TMA levels and were attracted by TMA, this odor is repellent to rats and aversive to humans [19], indicating that there must be species-specific functions.&nbsp;... Furthermore, a homozygous knockout of murine TAAR5 abolished the attraction behavior to TMA [19]. Thus, it is concluded that TAAR5 itself is sufficient to mediate a behavioral response at least in mice.&nbsp;... Whether the TAAR5 activation by TMA elicits specific behavioral output like avoidance behavior in humans still needs to be examined.}}</ref> [[3-Iodothyronamine]] is an [[inverse agonist]] of hTAAR5.<ref name="hTAAR5 inverse agonist">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dinter J, Mühlhaus J, Wienchol CL, Yi CX, Nürnberg D, Morin S, Grüters A, Köhrle J, Schöneberg T, Tschöp M, Krude H, Kleinau G, Biebermann H | title = Inverse agonistic action of 3-iodothyronamine at the human trace amine-associated receptor 5 | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = e0117774 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25706283 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0117774 | pmc=4382497}}</ref><ref name="Human trace amines and hTAARs October 2016 review">{{cite journal | vauthors = Khan MZ, Nawaz W | title = The emerging roles of human trace amines and human trace amine-associated receptors (hTAARs) in central nervous system | journal = Biomed. Pharmacother. | volume = 83 | issue = | pages = 439–449 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27424325 | doi = 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.002 | quote = }}</ref>
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{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =  
| Name = Trace amine associated receptor 5
| HGNCid = 30236
| Symbol = TAAR5
| AltSymbols =; MGC138414; MGC138416; PNR; RP11-295F4.5
| OMIM = 607405
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 20850
| MGIid = 2685073
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TAAR5_221459_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001584 |text = rhodopsin-like receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 9038
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000135569
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003958
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003967
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 132951505
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 132952518
    | Hs_Uniprot = O14804
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 215854
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000069706
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001009574
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001009574
    | Mm_GenLoc_db =
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 10
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 23660122
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 23661135
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q5QD14
  }}
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'''Trace amine associated receptor 5''', also known as '''TAAR5''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TAAR5 trace amine associated receptor 5| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9038| accessdate = }}</ref>


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*{{cite journal | author=Zeng Z, Fan P, Rand E, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning of a putative human neurotransmitter receptor expressed in skeletal muscle and brain. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=242 |issue= 3 |pages= 575-8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9464258 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7591 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, etal |title=The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 |journal=Nature |volume=425 |issue= 6960 |pages= 805–11 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14574404 |doi= 10.1038/nature02055 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. |journal=Nature |volume=425 |issue= 6960 |pages= 805-11 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14574404 |doi= 10.1038/nature02055 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504  | pmc=528928 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lindemann L, Ebeling M, Kratochwil NA, ''et al.'' |title=Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors. |journal=Genomics |volume=85 |issue= 3 |pages= 372-85 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15718104 |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.11.010 }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{NLM content}}
{{NLM content}}
{{TAAR ligands|state=expanded}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
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[[Category:G protein-coupled receptors]]
 


{{WH}}
{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 05:13, 7 November 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Trace amine-associated receptor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAAR5 gene.[1][2][3] In vertebrates, TAAR5 is expressed in the olfactory epithelium.[4]

Human TAAR5 (hTAAR5) is a functional trace amine-associated receptor which acts as an olfactory receptor for tertiary amines.[4][5] Trimethylamine and N,N-dimethylethylamine are full agonists of hTAAR5.[5][6][7] The amber-woody fragrance timberol antagonizes this activity of trimethylamine.[8] 3-Iodothyronamine is an inverse agonist of hTAAR5.[9][10]


See also

References

  1. ↑ Zeng Z, Fan P, Rand E, Kyaw H, Su K, Madike V, Carter KC, Li Y (Mar 1998). "Cloning of a putative human neurotransmitter receptor expressed in skeletal muscle and brain". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 242 (3): 575–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7591. PMID 9464258.
  2. ↑ Lindemann L, Ebeling M, Kratochwil NA, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Hoener MC (Feb 2005). "Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 85 (3): 372–85. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.11.010. PMID 15718104.
  3. ↑ "Entrez Gene: TAAR5 trace amine associated receptor 5".
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Liberles SD (2015). "Trace amine-associated receptors: ligands, neural circuits, and behaviors". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 34: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.001. PMC 4508243. PMID 25616211. All TAARs except TAAR1 function as olfactory receptors, based on studies in rodent, primate, and fish [4,7,10]. TAAR expression is highly enriched in the olfactory system by quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, with little or no expression in other tissues examined [4].
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Zhang LS, Davies SS (April 2016). "Microbial metabolism of dietary components to bioactive metabolites: opportunities for new therapeutic interventions". Genome Med. 8 (1): 46. doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0296-x. PMC 4840492. PMID 27102537.
    Table 2: Microbial metabolites: their synthesis, mechanisms of action, and effects on health and disease
    Figure 1: Molecular mechanisms of action of indole and its metabolites on host physiology and disease
  6. ↑ Wallrabenstein I, Kuklan J, Weber L, Zborala S, Werner M, Altmüller J, Becker C, Schmidt A, Hatt H, Hummel T, Gisselmann G (2013). "Human trace amine-associated receptor TAAR5 can be activated by trimethylamine". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e54950. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054950. PMC 3564852. PMID 23393561.
  7. ↑ Zhang J, Pacifico R, Cawley D, Feinstein P, Bozza T (February 2013). "Ultrasensitive detection of amines by a trace amine-associated receptor". J. Neurosci. 33 (7): 3228–39. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4299-12.2013. PMC 3711460. PMID 23407976. We show that [human TAAR5] responds to the tertiary amine N,N-dimethylethylamine and to a lesser extent to trimethylamine, a structurally related agonist for mouse and rat TAAR5 (Liberles and Buck, 2006; Staubert et al., 2010; Ferrero et al., 2012).
  8. ↑ Wallrabenstein I, Singer M, Panten J, Hatt H, Gisselmann G (2015). "Timberol® Inhibits TAAR5-Mediated Responses to Trimethylamine and Influences the Olfactory Threshold in Humans". PLOS One. 10 (12): e0144704. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144704. PMC 4684214. PMID 26684881. While mice produce gender-specific amounts of urinary TMA levels and were attracted by TMA, this odor is repellent to rats and aversive to humans [19], indicating that there must be species-specific functions. ... Furthermore, a homozygous knockout of murine TAAR5 abolished the attraction behavior to TMA [19]. Thus, it is concluded that TAAR5 itself is sufficient to mediate a behavioral response at least in mice. ... Whether the TAAR5 activation by TMA elicits specific behavioral output like avoidance behavior in humans still needs to be examined.
  9. ↑ Dinter J, Mühlhaus J, Wienchol CL, Yi CX, Nürnberg D, Morin S, Grüters A, Köhrle J, Schöneberg T, Tschöp M, Krude H, Kleinau G, Biebermann H (2015). "Inverse agonistic action of 3-iodothyronamine at the human trace amine-associated receptor 5". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): e0117774. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117774. PMC 4382497. PMID 25706283.
  10. ↑ Khan MZ, Nawaz W (October 2016). "The emerging roles of human trace amines and human trace amine-associated receptors (hTAARs) in central nervous system". Biomed. Pharmacother. 83: 439–449. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.002. PMID 27424325.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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