GPR113: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''GPR113''' is a [[gene]] that encodes the '''Probable G-protein coupled receptor 113''' [[protein]].<ref name="pmid12435584">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fredriksson R, Lagerstrom MC, Hoglund PJ, Schioth HB | title = Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions | journal = FEBS Lett | volume = 531 | issue = 3 | pages = 407–14 |date=November 2002 | pmid = 12435584 | doi =10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03574-3  }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR113 G protein-coupled receptor 113| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=165082| accessdate = }}</ref>
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==Gene==
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The ''Homo sapiens'' GPR113 gene is located on chromosome 2 (2p23.3). This gene spans the length of a 38.65kb region from base 26531041 to 26569685 on the negative strand.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_000002.11?report=fasta&from=26531041&to=26569685&strand=true</ref> The GPR113 gene has two neighbors on either side on the negative strand: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9381 OTOF otoferlin] preceding and [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3030 HADHA hydroxyacyl-CoA] following. Directly opposite the GPR113 on the positive strand is the [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/85465 EPT1] gene.
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The GPR113 gene is also known by the aliases PGR23 and HGPCR37.<ref name="genecards.org">http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=GPR113</ref>
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==Homology & Evolution==
The GPR113 has 5 human paralogs [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/266977 GPR110], [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/221393 GPR115], [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/84873 GPR128], [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/222611 GPR111], and [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/221395 GPR116].<ref name="genecards.org"/> GPR113 is well conserved in mammals from primates to semi-aquatic species, as well as some amphibians. These include the Common Chimpanzee, the African Bush Elephant, the Platypus, and the Western Clawed Frog.<ref>http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi</ref> Homologous domains that are well conserved throughout orthologs center in the [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=209463 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family)] region highlighted in purple in the figure.<ref>http://workbench.sdsc.edu/</ref>
 
==Protein==
[[File:TOPO2 rendering of GPR113 protein annotated with domains.tiff|thumbnail|right|Annotated primary structure of the GPR113 Protein]]
The protein product of GPR113 gene is a G-protein coupled receptor. The protein has three transcript variants in humans.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223556013,223556011,148230774</ref> Of these three, GPR113 Variant 1 has the longest amino acid sequence, and has the highest identity to orthologs. This leads to the conclusion that GPR113 Variant 1 is the homo sapiens descendent of the ancestral GPR113 gene. GPR113 Var 1 contains 1079 Amino Acids, and is integral to the plasma membrane.<ref name="uniprot.org">http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8IZF5</ref> The 7-pass receptor contains 4 domains highlighted in the figure at right: Signal Peptide (Red), [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/223556012 Hormone Receptor Domain] (Blue), [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=201994 Latrophilin/CL-1-like GPS domain] (Orange), and the 7-transmembrane receptor (Purple). Between the Hormone Receptor Domain and the GPS is a [[Domain of unknown function]] that is not highlighted.
 
==Function==
GPR113 is a [[G protein-coupled receptor]] that is involved in a neuropeptide signaling pathway.<ref name="uniprot.org"/>
 
==Expression & Disease==
GPR113 has been found to be expressed differentially under diseased conditions. Under the condition of [[Type 2 diabetes]], the percentile rank relative to other transcripts decreases relative to normal cell function.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geoprofiles/71224040</ref> The deletion of [[TP63]], which mediates a wide variety of important body processes, also produces decreased GPR113 expression.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geoprofiles/34655140</ref> In mice brains, the cerebellum and the olfactory bulb both show transcription of the GPR113 gene.<ref>http://mouse.brain-map.org/gene/show/120325</ref> Additionally, a study from the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders has identified GPR113 expression to be highly restricted to a subset of taste receptor cells.<ref>{{Cite journal
| pmid = 15780750
| year = 2005
| author1 = Lopezjimenez
| first1 = N. D.
| title = Two novel genes, Gpr113, which encodes a family 2 G-protein-coupled receptor, and Trcg1, are selectively expressed in taste receptor cells
| journal = Genomics
| volume = 85
| issue = 4
| pages = 472–82
| last2 = Sainz
| first2 = E
| last3 = Cavenagh
| first3 = M. M.
| last4 = Cruz-Ithier
| first4 = M. A.
| last5 = Blackwood
| first5 = C. A.
| last6 = Battey
| first6 = J. F.
| last7 = Sullivan
| first7 = S. L.
| doi = 10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.12.005
}}</ref> This paper's conclusions, coupled with olfactory bulb expression levels, could provide an avenue for future research, potentially illuminating more about GPR113's function.
 
==Interacting Proteins==
GPR113 has been shown to associate with the orphan G protein-coupled receptor [[GPR123]].<ref>http://string-db.org/newstring_cgi/show_network_section.pl</ref>
 
===Transcription Factors===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Top 10 Transcription factors of highest likelihood<ref>http://www.genomatix.de/online_help/help_eldorado/introduction.html</ref>
|-
| Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
|-
| Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
|-
| DLX-1, -2, and -5 binding sites
|-
| TCF/LEF-1 (secondary DNA binding preference)
|-
| Homeobox containing germ cell-specific transcription factor NOBOX
|-
| Spalt-like transcription factor 1
|-
| Transcriptional repressor CDP
|-
| Alternative splicing variant of FOXP1, activated in ESCs
|-
| Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
|-
| Homeobox containing germ cell-specific transcription factor NOBOX
|}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
==Clinical significance==
{{GNF_Protein_box
The clinical significance of this protein has not been established. However, the expression profiles provide exciting directions for future research of the GPR113 gene, especially in fields studying taste and smell.
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =  
| Name = G protein-coupled receptor 113
| HGNCid = 18989
| Symbol = GPR113
| AltSymbols =; FLJ16767; PGR23; hGPCR37
| OMIM = 
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 17826
| MGIid = 2685887
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004930 |text = G-protein coupled receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007218 |text = neuropeptide signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 165082
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000173567
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_722577
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_153835
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 26384884
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 26423189
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q8IZF5
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 381628
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000067642
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001014394
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001014416
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 30524211
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 30536509
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''G protein-coupled receptor 113''', also known as '''GPR113''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GPR113 G protein-coupled receptor 113| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=165082| accessdate = }}</ref>


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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Takeda S, Kadowaki S, Haga T, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of G protein-coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=520 |issue= 1-3 |pages= 97-101 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12044878 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Takeda S, Kadowaki S, Haga T |title=Identification of G protein-coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=520 |issue= 1–3 |pages= 97–101 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12044878 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02775-8 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Fredriksson R, Lagerström MC, Höglund PJ, Schiöth HB |title=Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=531 |issue= 3 |pages= 407-14 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12435584 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Vassilatis DK, Hohmann JG, Zeng H |title=The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 8 |pages= 4903–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12679517 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0230374100 | pmc=153653 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Vassilatis DK, Hohmann JG, Zeng H, ''et al.'' |title=The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 8 |pages= 4903-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12679517 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0230374100 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E |title=The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265–70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003 | pmc=403697 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, ''et al.'' |title=The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=13 |issue= 10 |pages= 2265-70 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12975309 |doi= 10.1101/gr.1293003 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40–5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ |title=The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors |journal=Genomics |volume=84 |issue= 1 |pages= 23–33 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15203201 |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, ''et al.'' |title=The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors. |journal=Genomics |volume=84 |issue= 1 |pages= 23-33 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15203201 |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004 }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{membrane-protein-stub}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
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[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Revision as of 08:57, 31 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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n/a

Ensembl

n/a

n/a

UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

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n/a

RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

GPR113 is a gene that encodes the Probable G-protein coupled receptor 113 protein.[1][2]

Gene

The Homo sapiens GPR113 gene is located on chromosome 2 (2p23.3). This gene spans the length of a 38.65kb region from base 26531041 to 26569685 on the negative strand.[3] The GPR113 gene has two neighbors on either side on the negative strand: OTOF otoferlin preceding and HADHA hydroxyacyl-CoA following. Directly opposite the GPR113 on the positive strand is the EPT1 gene. The GPR113 gene is also known by the aliases PGR23 and HGPCR37.[4]

Homology & Evolution

The GPR113 has 5 human paralogs GPR110, GPR115, GPR128, GPR111, and GPR116.[4] GPR113 is well conserved in mammals from primates to semi-aquatic species, as well as some amphibians. These include the Common Chimpanzee, the African Bush Elephant, the Platypus, and the Western Clawed Frog.[5] Homologous domains that are well conserved throughout orthologs center in the 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family) region highlighted in purple in the figure.[6]

Protein

File:TOPO2 rendering of GPR113 protein annotated with domains.tiff
Annotated primary structure of the GPR113 Protein

The protein product of GPR113 gene is a G-protein coupled receptor. The protein has three transcript variants in humans.[7] Of these three, GPR113 Variant 1 has the longest amino acid sequence, and has the highest identity to orthologs. This leads to the conclusion that GPR113 Variant 1 is the homo sapiens descendent of the ancestral GPR113 gene. GPR113 Var 1 contains 1079 Amino Acids, and is integral to the plasma membrane.[8] The 7-pass receptor contains 4 domains highlighted in the figure at right: Signal Peptide (Red), Hormone Receptor Domain (Blue), Latrophilin/CL-1-like GPS domain (Orange), and the 7-transmembrane receptor (Purple). Between the Hormone Receptor Domain and the GPS is a Domain of unknown function that is not highlighted.

Function

GPR113 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is involved in a neuropeptide signaling pathway.[8]

Expression & Disease

GPR113 has been found to be expressed differentially under diseased conditions. Under the condition of Type 2 diabetes, the percentile rank relative to other transcripts decreases relative to normal cell function.[9] The deletion of TP63, which mediates a wide variety of important body processes, also produces decreased GPR113 expression.[10] In mice brains, the cerebellum and the olfactory bulb both show transcription of the GPR113 gene.[11] Additionally, a study from the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders has identified GPR113 expression to be highly restricted to a subset of taste receptor cells.[12] This paper's conclusions, coupled with olfactory bulb expression levels, could provide an avenue for future research, potentially illuminating more about GPR113's function.

Interacting Proteins

GPR113 has been shown to associate with the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR123.[13]

Transcription Factors

Top 10 Transcription factors of highest likelihood[14]
Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
DLX-1, -2, and -5 binding sites
TCF/LEF-1 (secondary DNA binding preference)
Homeobox containing germ cell-specific transcription factor NOBOX
Spalt-like transcription factor 1
Transcriptional repressor CDP
Alternative splicing variant of FOXP1, activated in ESCs
Binding site for S8 type homeodomains
Homeobox containing germ cell-specific transcription factor NOBOX

Clinical significance

The clinical significance of this protein has not been established. However, the expression profiles provide exciting directions for future research of the GPR113 gene, especially in fields studying taste and smell.


References

  1. ↑ Fredriksson R, Lagerstrom MC, Hoglund PJ, Schioth HB (November 2002). "Novel human G protein-coupled receptors with long N-terminals containing GPS domains and Ser/Thr-rich regions". FEBS Lett. 531 (3): 407–14. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03574-3. PMID 12435584.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: GPR113 G protein-coupled receptor 113".
  3. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_000002.11?report=fasta&from=26531041&to=26569685&strand=true
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=GPR113
  5. ↑ http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi
  6. ↑ http://workbench.sdsc.edu/
  7. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223556013,223556011,148230774
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8IZF5
  9. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geoprofiles/71224040
  10. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geoprofiles/34655140
  11. ↑ http://mouse.brain-map.org/gene/show/120325
  12. ↑ Lopezjimenez, N. D.; Sainz, E; Cavenagh, M. M.; Cruz-Ithier, M. A.; Blackwood, C. A.; Battey, J. F.; Sullivan, S. L. (2005). "Two novel genes, Gpr113, which encodes a family 2 G-protein-coupled receptor, and Trcg1, are selectively expressed in taste receptor cells". Genomics. 85 (4): 472–82. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.12.005. PMID 15780750.
  13. ↑ http://string-db.org/newstring_cgi/show_network_section.pl
  14. ↑ http://www.genomatix.de/online_help/help_eldorado/introduction.html

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=GPR113&oldid=1412225"