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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Protease-activated receptor 4''' ('''PAR-4'''), also known as '''coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3''', is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''F2RL3'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: F2RL3 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9002| accessdate = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3
| HGNCid = 3540
| Symbol = F2RL3
| AltSymbols =; PAR4
| OMIM = 602779
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 36148
| MGIid = 1298207
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_F2RL3_207221_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001584 |text = rhodopsin-like receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015057 |text = thrombin receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007200 |text = G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating)}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007596 |text = blood coagulation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009611 |text = response to wounding}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 9002
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000127533
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003941
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003950
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 16860826
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 16870516
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q96RI0
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 14065
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000050147
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007975
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032001
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 8
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 75657952
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 75659957
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q0VDX1
  }}
}}
'''Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3''', also known as '''{{gene|F2RL3}}''' or '''protease activated receptor 4''' ('''PAR4'''), is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: F2RL3 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9002| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) is a member of the large family of 7-transmembrane-region receptors that couple to guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins. F2RL3 is also a member of the [[protease-activated receptor]] family. F2RL3 is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular [[amino terminus]]. The new amino terminus functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor. F2RL3 is activated by [[thrombin]] and [[trypsin]].<ref name="entrez" />
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) is a member of the large family of 7-transmembrane-region receptors that couple to guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins. F2RL3 is also a member of the protease-activated receptor family. F2RL3 is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular amino terminus. The new amino terminus functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor. F2RL3 is activated by thrombin and trypsin.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: F2RL3 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9002| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Leger AJ, Covic L, Kuliopulos A |title=Protease-activated receptors in cardiovascular diseases. |journal=Circulation |volume=114 |issue= 10 |pages= 1070–7 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16952995 |doi= 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.574830 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Xu WF, Andersen H, Whitmore TE |title=Cloning and characterization of human protease-activated receptor 4. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 12 |pages= 6642–6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9618465 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.12.6642 | pmc=22580  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Leger AJ, Covic L, Kuliopulos A |title=Protease-activated receptors in cardiovascular diseases. |journal=Circulation |volume=114 |issue= 10 |pages= 1070-7 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16952995 |doi= 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.574830 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kahn ML, Zheng YW, Huang W |title=A dual thrombin receptor system for platelet activation. |journal=Nature |volume=394 |issue= 6694 |pages= 690–4 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9716134 |doi= 10.1038/29325 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Xu WF, Andersen H, Whitmore TE, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and characterization of human protease-activated receptor 4. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 12 |pages= 6642-6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9618465 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kahn ML, Hammes SR, Botka C, Coughlin SR |title=Gene and locus structure and chromosomal localization of the protease-activated receptor gene family. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 36 |pages= 23290–6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9722561 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.36.23290 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kahn ML, Zheng YW, Huang W, ''et al.'' |title=A dual thrombin receptor system for platelet activation. |journal=Nature |volume=394 |issue= 6694 |pages= 690-4 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9716134 |doi= 10.1038/29325 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kahn ML, Nakanishi-Matsui M, Shapiro MJ |title=Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=103 |issue= 6 |pages= 879–87 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10079109 |doi=10.1172/JCI6042  | pmc=408153 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kahn ML, Hammes SR, Botka C, Coughlin SR |title=Gene and locus structure and chromosomal localization of the protease-activated receptor gene family. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 36 |pages= 23290-6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9722561 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Andersen H, Greenberg DL, Fujikawa K |title=Protease-activated receptor 1 is the primary mediator of thrombin-stimulated platelet procoagulant activity. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 20 |pages= 11189–93 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10500152 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.20.11189  | pmc=18009  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kahn ML, Nakanishi-Matsui M, Shapiro MJ, ''et al.'' |title=Protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 mediate activation of human platelets by thrombin. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=103 |issue= 6 |pages= 879-87 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10079109 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Sambrano GR, Huang W, Faruqi T |title=Cathepsin G activates protease-activated receptor-4 in human platelets. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 10 |pages= 6819–23 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10702240 |doi=10.1074/jbc.275.10.6819  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Andersen H, Greenberg DL, Fujikawa K, ''et al.'' |title=Protease-activated receptor 1 is the primary mediator of thrombin-stimulated platelet procoagulant activity. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 20 |pages= 11189-93 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10500152 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Nakanishi-Matsui M, Zheng YW, Sulciner DJ |title=PAR3 is a cofactor for PAR4 activation by thrombin. |journal=Nature |volume=404 |issue= 6778 |pages= 609–13 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10766244 |doi= 10.1038/35007085 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Page G, Kögel D, Rangnekar V, Scheidtmann KH |title=Interaction partners of Dlk/ZIP kinase: co-expression of Dlk/ZIP kinase and Par-4 results in cytoplasmic retention and apoptosis. |journal=Oncogene |volume=18 |issue= 51 |pages= 7265-73 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10602480 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1203170 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Miike S, McWilliam AS, Kita H |title=Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=167 |issue= 11 |pages= 6615–22 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11714832 |doi= 10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6615}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sambrano GR, Huang W, Faruqi T, ''et al.'' |title=Cathepsin G activates protease-activated receptor-4 in human platelets. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 10 |pages= 6819-23 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10702240 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Asokananthan N, Graham PT, Fink J |title=Activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2, and PAR-4 stimulates IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 release from human respiratory epithelial cells. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=168 |issue= 7 |pages= 3577–85 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11907122 |doi=  10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3577|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Nakanishi-Matsui M, Zheng YW, Sulciner DJ, ''et al.'' |title=PAR3 is a cofactor for PAR4 activation by thrombin. |journal=Nature |volume=404 |issue= 6778 |pages= 609-13 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10766244 |doi= 10.1038/35007085 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Henriksen RA, Hanks VK |title=PAR-4 agonist AYPGKF stimulates thromboxane production by human platelets. |journal=Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 5 |pages= 861–6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12006403 |doi=10.1161/01.ATV.0000014742.56572.25 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Miike S, McWilliam AS, Kita H |title=Trypsin induces activation and inflammatory mediator release from human eosinophils through protease-activated receptor-2. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=167 |issue= 11 |pages= 6615-22 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11714832 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Covic L, Singh C, Smith H, Kuliopulos A |title=Role of the PAR4 thrombin receptor in stabilizing platelet-platelet aggregates as revealed by a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=87 |issue= 4 |pages= 722–7 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12008957 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Asokananthan N, Graham PT, Fink J, ''et al.'' |title=Activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, PAR-2, and PAR-4 stimulates IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 release from human respiratory epithelial cells. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=168 |issue= 7 |pages= 3577-85 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11907122 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Henriksen RA, Hanks VK |title=PAR-4 agonist AYPGKF stimulates thromboxane production by human platelets. |journal=Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 5 |pages= 861-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12006403 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Owen WG |title=PAR-3 is a low-affinity substrate, high affinity effector of thrombin. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=305 |issue= 1 |pages= 166–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12732212 |doi=10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00732-0  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Covic L, Singh C, Smith H, Kuliopulos A |title=Role of the PAR4 thrombin receptor in stabilizing platelet-platelet aggregates as revealed by a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=87 |issue= 4 |pages= 722-7 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12008957 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Adam F, Verbeuren TJ, Fauchère JL |title=Thrombin-induced platelet PAR4 activation: role of glycoprotein Ib and ADP. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 798–804 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12871418 |doi=10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00138.x  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Wu CC, Hwang TL, Liao CH |title=The role of PAR4 in thrombin-induced thromboxane production in human platelets. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=90 |issue= 2 |pages= 299–308 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12888878 |doi= 10.1267/THRO03020299 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Owen WG |title=PAR-3 is a low-affinity substrate, high affinity effector of thrombin. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=305 |issue= 1 |pages= 166-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12732212 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kawai T, Akira S, Reed JC |title=ZIP kinase triggers apoptosis from nuclear PML oncogenic domains. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 17 |pages= 6174–86 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12917339 |doi=10.1128/MCB.23.17.6174-6186.2003  | pmc=180930  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Adam F, Verbeuren TJ, Fauchère JL, ''et al.'' |title=Thrombin-induced platelet PAR4 activation: role of glycoprotein Ib and ADP. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 798-804 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12871418 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Jacques SL, Kuliopulos A |title=Protease-activated receptor-4 uses dual prolines and an anionic retention motif for thrombin recognition and cleavage. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=376 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 733–40 |year= 2004 |pmid= 13678420 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20030954 | pmc=1223816 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Wu CC, Hwang TL, Liao CH, ''et al.'' |title=The role of PAR4 in thrombin-induced thromboxane production in human platelets. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=90 |issue= 2 |pages= 299-308 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12888878 |doi= 10.1267/THRO03020299 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Han Y, Nurden A, Combrié R, Pasquet JM |title=Redistribution of glycoprotein Ib within platelets in response to protease-activated receptors 1 and 4: roles of cytoskeleton and calcium. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=1 |issue= 10 |pages= 2206–15 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14521606 |doi=10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00436.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kawai T, Akira S, Reed JC |title=ZIP kinase triggers apoptosis from nuclear PML oncogenic domains. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 17 |pages= 6174-86 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12917339 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Jacques SL, Kuliopulos A |title=Protease-activated receptor-4 uses dual prolines and an anionic retention motif for thrombin recognition and cleavage. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=376 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 733-40 |year= 2004 |pmid= 13678420 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20030954 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Han Y, Nurden A, Combrié R, Pasquet JM |title=Redistribution of glycoprotein Ib within platelets in response to protease-activated receptors 1 and 4: roles of cytoskeleton and calcium. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=1 |issue= 10 |pages= 2206-15 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14521606 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Revision as of 04:30, 31 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR-4), also known as coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F2RL3 gene.[1]

Function

Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) is a member of the large family of 7-transmembrane-region receptors that couple to guanosine-nucleotide-binding proteins. F2RL3 is also a member of the protease-activated receptor family. F2RL3 is activated by proteolytic cleavage of its extracellular amino terminus. The new amino terminus functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor. F2RL3 is activated by thrombin and trypsin.[1]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: F2RL3 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3".

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.



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