Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8: Difference between revisions

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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
'''Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GRM8'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8824806">{{cite journal |vauthors=Scherer SW, Duvoisin RM, Kuhn R, Heng HH, Belloni E, Tsui LC | title = Localization of two metabotropic glutamate receptor genes, GRM3 and GRM8, to human chromosome 7q | journal = Genomics | volume = 31 | issue = 2 | pages = 230–3 | date = Mar 1997 | pmid = 8824806 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1996.0036 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GRM8 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2918| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8
| HGNCid = 4600
| Symbol = GRM8
| AltSymbols =; FLJ41058; GLUR8; GPRC1H; MGC126724; MGLUR8; mGlu8
| OMIM = 601116
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 654
| MGIid = 1351345
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008067 |text = metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007194 |text = negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007601 |text = visual perception}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007608 |text = sensory perception of smell}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030818 |text = negative regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050896 |text = response to stimulus}}
  | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 2918
    | Hs_Ensembl = 
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000836
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000845
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 
    | Hs_Uniprot = 
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 14823
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000024211
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008174
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032200
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 27225655
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 28076135
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q05BD6
  }}
}}
'''Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8''', also known as '''GRM8''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GRM8 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2918| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| summary_text = L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors.  Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties.  Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C.  Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8.  Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities.  Alternative splice variants of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GRM8 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2918| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==See also==
[[L-glutamate]] is the major [[excitatory neurotransmitter]] in the [[central nervous system]] and activates both [[ionotropic]] and [[metabotropic glutamate receptors]].  [[Glutamatergic]] neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many [[neuropathology|neuropathologic]] conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of [[G protein-coupled receptors]], that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties.  Group I includes [[GRM1]] and [[GRM5]] and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C.  Group II includes [[GRM2]] and [[GRM3]] while Group III includes [[GRM4]], [[GRM6]], [[GRM7]] and GRM8.  Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the [[cyclic AMP]] cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities.  Alternative [[splice variant]]s of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.<ref name="entrez" />
 
== Ligands ==
 
* [[DCPG|(''S'')-3,4-DCPG]]: agonist<ref name="pmid11166323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, Kingston AE, Schoepp DD, Jane DE | title = (S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord | journal = Neuropharmacology | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 311–8 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11166323 | doi = 10.1016/S0028-3908(00)00169-6 | url = http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0028390800001696 }}</ref>
 
== See also ==
* [[Metabotropic glutamate receptor]]
* [[Metabotropic glutamate receptor]]
==Model organisms==
[[Model organism]]s have been used in the study of GRM8 function. A conditional [[knockout mouse]] line called ''Grm8<sup>tm2a(KOMP)Wtsi</sup>'' was generated at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]].<ref name="mgp_reference">{{cite journal |title=The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice |author=Gerdin AK |year=2010 |journal=Acta Ophthalmologica|volume=88 |pages=925–7|doi=10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x }}</ref> Male and female animals underwent a standardized [[phenotypic screen]]<ref name="IMPCsearch_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.mousephenotype.org/data/search?q=Grm8#fq=*:*&facet=gene |title=International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium}}</ref> to determine the effects of deletion.<ref name="pmid21677750">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–42 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc = 3572410 | doi = 10.1038/nature10163 }}</ref><ref name="mouse_library">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dolgin E | title = Mouse library set to be knockout | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 262–3 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677718 | doi = 10.1038/474262a }}</ref><ref name="mouse_for_all_reasons">{{cite journal | vauthors = Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W | title = A mouse for all reasons | journal = Cell | volume = 128 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–13 | date = Jan 2007 | pmid = 17218247 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23870131">{{cite journal | vauthors = White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, ((Sanger Institute Mouse Genetics Project)), Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP | title = Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes | journal = Cell | volume = 154 | issue = 2 | pages = 452–64 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23870131 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022 | pmc=3717207}}</ref> Additional screens performed:  - In-depth immunological phenotyping<ref name="iii_ref">{{cite web |url= http://www.immunophenotyping.org/data/search?keys=Grm8&field_gene_construct_tid=All |title=Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellpadding="2" style="float: left;" |
|+ ''Grm8'' knockout mouse phenotype
|-
! Characteristic!! Phenotype
|-
| colspan=2; style="text-align: center;" | All data available at.<ref name="IMPCsearch_ref"/><ref name="iii_ref" />
|-
| Insulin || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Homozygous viability at P14 || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Homozygous Fertility || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Body weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Neurological assessment || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Grip strength || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Dysmorphology]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Indirect calorimetry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Glucose tolerance test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Auditory brainstem response]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry|DEXA]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Radiography]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Eye morphology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Clinical chemistry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| ''[[Haematology]]'' 16 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Heart weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| ''[[Salmonella]]'' infection || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
|}''<br />
<br />''


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Scherer SW, Soder S, Duvoisin RM, Huizenga JJ, Tsui LC | title = The human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) gene: a disproportionately large gene located at 7q31.3-q32.1 | journal = Genomics | volume = 44 | issue = 2 | pages = 232–6 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9299241 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4842 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Wu S, Wright RA, Rockey PK, Burgett SG, Arnold JS, Rosteck PR, Johnson BG, Schoepp DD, Belagaje RM | title = Group III human metabotropic glutamate receptors 4, 7 and 8: molecular cloning, functional expression, and comparison of pharmacological properties in RGT cells | journal = Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. | volume = 53 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 88–97 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9473604 | doi = 10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00277-5 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Scherer SW, Duvoisin RM, Kuhn R, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of two metabotropic glutamate receptor genes, GRM3 and GRM8, to human chromosome 7q. |journal=Genomics |volume=31 |issue= 2 |pages= 230-3 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8824806 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1996.0036 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Malherbe P, Kratzeisen C, Lundstrom K, Richards JG, Faull RL, Mutel V | title = Cloning and functional expression of alternative spliced variants of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 | journal = Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. | volume = 67 | issue = 2 | pages = 201–10 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10216218 | doi = 10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00050-9 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Scherer SW, Soder S, Duvoisin RM, ''et al.'' |title=The human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) gene: a disproportionately large gene located at 7q31.3-q32.1. |journal=Genomics |volume=44 |issue= 2 |pages= 232-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9299241 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1997.4842 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, Kingston AE, Schoepp DD, Jane DE | title = (S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord | journal = Neuropharmacology | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 311–8 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11166323 | doi = 10.1016/S0028-3908(00)00169-6 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wu S, Wright RA, Rockey PK, ''et al.'' |title=Group III human metabotropic glutamate receptors 4, 7 and 8: molecular cloning, functional expression, and comparison of pharmacological properties in RGT cells. |journal=Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. |volume=53 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 88-97 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9473604 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author = Enz R | title = The actin-binding protein Filamin-A interacts with the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7 | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 514 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 184–8 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11943148 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02361-X }}
*{{cite journal | author=Malherbe P, Kratzeisen C, Lundstrom K, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and functional expression of alternative spliced variants of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8. |journal=Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. |volume=67 |issue= 2 |pages= 201-10 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10216218 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Tang Z, El Far O, Betz H, Scheschonka A | title = Pias1 interaction and sumoylation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 280 | issue = 46 | pages = 38153–9 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16144832 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M508168200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, ''et al.'' |title=(S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord. |journal=Neuropharmacology |volume=40 |issue= 3 |pages= 311-8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11166323 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Kobayashi Y, Akiyoshi J, Kanehisa M, Ichioka S, Tanaka Y, Tsuru J, Hanada H, Kodama K, Isogawa K, Tsutsumi T | title = Lack of polymorphism in genes encoding mGluR 7, mGluR 8, GABA(A) receptor alfa-6 subunit and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor and panic disorder | journal = Psychiatr. Genet. | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 9 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17167337 | doi = 10.1097/YPG.0b013e32801118bc }}
*{{cite journal | author=Enz R |title=The actin-binding protein Filamin-A interacts with the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=514 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 184-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11943148 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tang Z, El Far O, Betz H, Scheschonka A |title=Pias1 interaction and sumoylation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 46 |pages= 38153-9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16144832 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M508168200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kobayashi Y, Akiyoshi J, Kanehisa M, ''et al.'' |title=Lack of polymorphism in genes encoding mGluR 7, mGluR 8, GABA(A) receptor alfa-6 subunit and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor and panic disorder. |journal=Psychiatr. Genet. |volume=17 |issue= 1 |pages= 9 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17167337 |doi= 10.1097/YPG.0b013e32801118bc }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{membrane-protein-stub}}
{{NLM content}}
{{NLM content}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors|g3}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]
{{Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
 
[[Category:Metabotropic glutamate receptors]]
 
 
{{transmembranereceptor-stub}}

Latest revision as of 01:06, 27 October 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

n/a

n/a

Ensembl

n/a

n/a

UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

n/a

n/a

Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRM8 gene.[1][2]

Function

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternative splice variants of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.[2]

Ligands

See also

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of GRM8 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Grm8tm2a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[4] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen[5] to determine the effects of deletion.[6][7][8][9] Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping[10]



References

  1. ↑ Scherer SW, Duvoisin RM, Kuhn R, Heng HH, Belloni E, Tsui LC (Mar 1997). "Localization of two metabotropic glutamate receptor genes, GRM3 and GRM8, to human chromosome 7q". Genomics. 31 (2): 230–3. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0036. PMID 8824806.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: GRM8 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 8".
  3. ↑ Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, Kingston AE, Schoepp DD, Jane DE (2001). "(S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord". Neuropharmacology. 40 (3): 311–8. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(00)00169-6. PMID 11166323.
  4. ↑ Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium".
  6. ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  7. ↑ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  8. ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
  9. ↑ White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Sanger Institute Mouse Genetics Project, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP (2013). "Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes". Cell. 154 (2): 452–64. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022. PMC 3717207. PMID 23870131.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium".

Further reading

  • Scherer SW, Soder S, Duvoisin RM, Huizenga JJ, Tsui LC (1997). "The human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) gene: a disproportionately large gene located at 7q31.3-q32.1". Genomics. 44 (2): 232–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4842. PMID 9299241.
  • Wu S, Wright RA, Rockey PK, Burgett SG, Arnold JS, Rosteck PR, Johnson BG, Schoepp DD, Belagaje RM (1998). "Group III human metabotropic glutamate receptors 4, 7 and 8: molecular cloning, functional expression, and comparison of pharmacological properties in RGT cells". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 53 (1–2): 88–97. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00277-5. PMID 9473604.
  • Malherbe P, Kratzeisen C, Lundstrom K, Richards JG, Faull RL, Mutel V (1999). "Cloning and functional expression of alternative spliced variants of the human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 67 (2): 201–10. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00050-9. PMID 10216218.
  • Thomas NK, Wright RA, Howson PA, Kingston AE, Schoepp DD, Jane DE (2001). "(S)-3,4-DCPG, a potent and selective mGlu8a receptor agonist, activates metabotropic glutamate receptors on primary afferent terminals in the neonatal rat spinal cord". Neuropharmacology. 40 (3): 311–8. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(00)00169-6. PMID 11166323.
  • Enz R (2002). "The actin-binding protein Filamin-A interacts with the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7". FEBS Lett. 514 (2–3): 184–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02361-X. PMID 11943148.
  • Tang Z, El Far O, Betz H, Scheschonka A (2006). "Pias1 interaction and sumoylation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (46): 38153–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M508168200. PMID 16144832.
  • Kobayashi Y, Akiyoshi J, Kanehisa M, Ichioka S, Tanaka Y, Tsuru J, Hanada H, Kodama K, Isogawa K, Tsutsumi T (2007). "Lack of polymorphism in genes encoding mGluR 7, mGluR 8, GABA(A) receptor alfa-6 subunit and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor and panic disorder". Psychiatr. Genet. 17 (1): 9. doi:10.1097/YPG.0b013e32801118bc. PMID 17167337.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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