GLM box gene transcriptions

Editor-In-Chief: Henry A. Hoff

File:Gerstenfeld Mitte Juni 2009.JPG

Gerstenfeld (Hordeum vulgare) mid June 2009 in Heidelberg-Wieblingen. Credit: 3268zauber.{{free media}}

"The primary structure of hordein [barley prolamins] polypeptides is closely related to that of prolamins from other grass species from the Pooideae subfamily, such as wheat and rye (Shewry & Tatham 1990;Shewry et al. 1995). The close evolutionary relationship is also manifested by the conservation of a putative regulatory element in their gene promoters, the endosperm box (Forde et al. 1985;Kreis et al. 1985). This conserved region consists of two motifs, a 7 bp element (5′TGTAAAG3′) termed the Prolamin Box (P-box) or endosperm motif (EM) followed at a distance of up to 8 nucleotides by the GCN4-like motif (GLM) which has the 5′(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)3′ consensus sequence (reviewed by Müller et al. 1995)."^[1]

GLM consensus sequences

The "GCN4-like motif (GLM) [...] has the 5′(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)3′ consensus sequence (reviewed by Müller et al. 1995)."^[1]

Hypotheses

A1BG has no GLM boxes in either promoter.
A1BG is not transcribed by a GLM box.
A GLM box does not participate in the transcription of A1BG.

GLM box sampling of A1BG promoters

For the Basic programs (starting with SuccessablesGLM.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), including extending the number of nts from 958 to 4445, the programs are, are looking for, and found:

negative strand in the negative direction (from ZSCAN22 to A1BG) is SuccessablesGLM--.bas, looking for 3'-(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)-5', 0,
negative strand in the positive direction (from ZNF497 to A1BG) is SuccessablesGLM-+.bas, looking for 3'-(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)-5', 0,
positive strand in the negative direction is SuccessablesGLM+-.bas, looking for 3'-(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)-5', 0,
positive strand in the positive direction is SuccessablesGLM++.bas, looking for 3'-(G/A)TGA(G/C)TCA(T/C)-5', 0,
complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesGLMc--.bas, looking for 3'-(C/T)ACT(G/C)AGT(A/G)-5', 0,
complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesGLMc-+.bas, looking for 3'-(C/T)ACT(G/C)AGT(A/G)-5', 0,
complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesGLMc+-.bas, looking for 3'-(C/T)ACT(G/C)AGT(A/G)-5', 0,
complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesGLMc++.bas, looking for 3'-(C/T)ACT(G/C)AGT(A/G)-5', 0,
inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction is SuccessablesGLMci--.bas, looking for 3'-(A/G)TGA(G/C)TCA(C/T)-5', 0,
inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction is SuccessablesGLMci-+.bas, looking for 3'-(A/G)TGA(G/C)TCA(C/T)-5', 0,
inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction is SuccessablesGLMci+-.bas, looking for 3'-(A/G)TGA(G/C)TCA(C/T)-5', 0,
inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction is SuccessablesGLMci++.bas, looking for 3'-(A/G)TGA(G/C)TCA(C/T)-5', 0,
inverse, negative strand, negative direction, is SuccessablesGLMi--.bas, looking for 3'-(T/C)ACT(G/C)AGT(G/A)-5', 0,
inverse, negative strand, positive direction, is SuccessablesGLMi-+.bas, looking for 3'-(T/C)ACT(G/C)AGT(G/A)-5', 0,
inverse, positive strand, negative direction, is SuccessablesGLMi+-.bas, looking for 3'-(T/C)ACT(G/C)AGT(G/A)-5', 0,
inverse, positive strand, positive direction, is SuccessablesGLMi++.bas, looking for 3'-(T/C)ACT(G/C)AGT(G/A)-5', 0.

Human genes

Interactions

GCN4 motifs

Most bZIP proteins show high binding affinity for the ACGT motifs, which include [...] a GCN4 motif, namely TGA(G/C)TCA.^[2]^[3]^[4]

GCN4 motif samplings

Copying an apparent consensus sequence of TGACTCA, TGAGTCA and putting it in "⌘F" finds none located between ZSCAN22 and A1BG and none between ZNF497 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs. The inverse complement is the same as TGA(C/G)TCA.

Negative strand, negative direction: 0.
Positive strand, negative direction: 0.
Negative strand, positive direction: 0.
Positive strand, positive direction: 0.

Samplings

Copying an apparent consensus sequence of TGACTCA, TGAGTCA and putting it in "⌘F" finds none located between ZSCAN22 and A1BG and none between ZNF497 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.

Initial content for this page in some instances came from Wikiversity.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Montaña Mena, Jesus Vicente-Carbajosa, Robert J. Schmidt and Pilar Carbonero (October 1998). "An endosperm-specific DOF protein from barley, highly conserved in wheat, binds to and activates transcription from the prolamin-box of a native B-hordein promoter in barley endosperm". The Plant Journal. 16 (1): 53–62. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00275.x. Retrieved 2017-02-19.
↑ Landschulz WH, Johnson PF, McKnight SL (June 1988). "The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins". Science. 240 (4860): 1759–64. Bibcode:1988Sci...240.1759L. doi:10.1126/science.3289117. PMID 3289117.
↑ E ZG, Zhang YP, Zhou JH, Wang L (April 2014). "Mini review roles of the bZIP gene family in rice". Genetics and Molecular Research. 13 (2): 3025–36. doi:10.4238/2014.April.16.11. PMID 24782137.
↑ Nijhawan A, Jain M, Tyagi AK, Khurana JP (February 2008). "Genomic survey and gene expression analysis of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family in rice". Plant Physiology. 146 (2): 333–50. doi:10.1104/pp.107.112821. PMC 2245831. PMID 18065552.

External links

[Mena1998-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Montaña Mena, Jesus Vicente-Carbajosa, Robert J. Schmidt and Pilar Carbonero (October 1998). "An endosperm-specific DOF protein from barley, highly conserved in wheat, binds to and activates transcription from the prolamin-box of a native B-hordein promoter in barley endosperm". The Plant Journal. 16 (1): 53–62. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00275.x. Retrieved 2017-02-19.

[Landschulz-2] Landschulz WH, Johnson PF, McKnight SL (June 1988). "The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins". Science. 240 (4860): 1759–64. Bibcode:1988Sci...240.1759L. doi:10.1126/science.3289117. PMID 3289117.

[Zhang2014-3] E ZG, Zhang YP, Zhou JH, Wang L (April 2014). "Mini review roles of the bZIP gene family in rice". Genetics and Molecular Research. 13 (2): 3025–36. doi:10.4238/2014.April.16.11. PMID 24782137.

[Nijhawan-4] Nijhawan A, Jain M, Tyagi AK, Khurana JP (February 2008). "Genomic survey and gene expression analysis of the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family in rice". Plant Physiology. 146 (2): 333–50. doi:10.1104/pp.107.112821. PMC 2245831. PMID 18065552.

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[2]

[3]

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