TATA box keratin family

Human genes

"TATA-containing genes are more often highly regulated, such as by biotic or stress stimuli."^[1] Only "∼10% of these TATA-containing promoters have the canonical TATA box (TATAWAWR)."^[1]

"SRF-regulated genes of the actin/cytoskeleton/contractile family tend to have a TATA box."^[2]

Different "TATA box sequences have different abilities to convey the activating signals of certain enhancers and activators in mammalian cells [...] and in yeast [...]."^[2]

"SRF is a well established master regulator of the specific family of genes encoding the actin cytoskeleton and contractile apparatus [...], and we found that ~40% of the core promoters for these genes contain a TATA box, which is a significant enrichment compared to the low overall frequency of TATA-containing promoters in human and mouse genomes (...)."^[2] "Global frequencies of core promoter types for human [9010 orthologous mouse-human promoter pairs with 1848 TATA-containing or 7162 TATA-less]^[3] genes with experimentally validated transcription start sites [are known from 2006]."^[2] "The TATA box [...] has a consensus sequence of TATAWAAR [...]."^[2] W = A or T and R = A or G. We "estimate that ~17% of promoters contain a TATA box".^[3]

Gene ID: 3848

"The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the spinous and granular layers of the epidermis with family member KRT10 and mutations in these genes have been associated with bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. The type II cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 12q12-q13."^[4]

Gene ID: 3858

"This gene encodes a member of the type I (acidic) cytokeratin family, which belongs to the superfamily of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Keratins are heteropolymeric structural proteins which form the intermediate filament. These filaments, along with actin microfilaments and microtubules, compose the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. This gene is located within a cluster of keratin family members on chromosome 17q21."^[5]

Gene ID: 3859

"KRT12 encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 12, expressed in corneal epithelia. Mutations in this gene lead to Meesmann corneal dystrophy."^[6]

Gene ID: 3860

"The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The keratins are intermediate filament proteins responsible for the structural integrity of epithelial cells and are subdivided into cytokeratins and hair keratins. Most of the type I cytokeratins consist of acidic proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains. This type I cytokeratin is paired with keratin 4 and expressed in the suprabasal layers of non-cornified stratified epithelia. Mutations in this gene and keratin 4 have been associated with the autosomal dominant disorder White Sponge Nevus. The type I cytokeratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q21.2. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants; however, not all variants have been described."^[7]

Gene ID: 3861

"This gene encodes a member of the keratin family, the most diverse group of intermediate filaments. This gene product, a type I keratin, is usually found as a heterotetramer with two keratin 5 molecules, a type II keratin. Together they form the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Mutations in the genes for these keratins are associated with epidermolysis bullosa simplex. At least one pseudogene has been identified at 17p12-p11."^[8]

Gene ID: 3872

"This gene encodes the type I intermediate filament chain keratin 17, expressed in nail bed, hair follicle, sebaceous glands, and other epidermal appendages. Mutations in this gene lead to Jackson-Lawler type pachyonychia congenita and steatocystoma multiplex."^[9]

Gene ID: 147183

"This gene encodes a member of the type I (acidic) keratin family, which belongs to the superfamily of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Keratins are heteropolymeric structural proteins which form the intermediate filament. These filaments, along with actin microfilaments and microtubules, compose the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. The type I keratin genes are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21."^[10]

Gene ID: 342574

"This gene encodes a member of the type I (acidic) keratin family, which belongs to the superfamily of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Keratins are heteropolymeric structural proteins which form the intermediate filament. These filaments, along with actin microfilaments and microtubules, compose the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. The type I keratin genes are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21."^[11]

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Chuhu Yang, Eugene Bolotin, Tao Jiang, Frances M. Sladek, and Ernest Martinez (10 October 2006). "Prevalence of the Initiator over the TATA box in human and yeast genes and identification of DNA motifs enriched in human TATA-less core promoters". Gene. 389 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.09.029. PMID 17123746. Retrieved 2024-06-07.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Muyu Xu, Elsie Gonzalez-Hurtado, and Ernest Martinez (April 2016). "Core promoter-specific gene regulation: TATA box selectivity and Initiator-dependent bi-directionality of serum response factor-activated transcription". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms. 1859 (4): 553–563. doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.01.005. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Victor X Jin, Gregory AC Singer, Francisco J Agosto-Pérez, Sandya Liyanarachchi, and Ramana V Davuluri (2006). "Genome-wide analysis of core promoter elements from conserved human and mouse orthologous pairs". BMC Bioinformatics. 7: 114. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-114. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT1 keratin 1 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT10 keratin 10 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT12 keratin 12 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT13 keratin 13 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
↑ RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT14 keratin 14 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
↑ RefSeq (August 2008). "KRT17 keratin 17 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
↑ RefSeq (July 2009). "KRT25 keratin 25 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
↑ RefSeq (July 2009). "KRT27 keratin 27 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-18.

External links

[Yang2006-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Chuhu Yang, Eugene Bolotin, Tao Jiang, Frances M. Sladek, and Ernest Martinez (10 October 2006). "Prevalence of the Initiator over the TATA box in human and yeast genes and identification of DNA motifs enriched in human TATA-less core promoters". Gene. 389 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.09.029. PMID 17123746. Retrieved 2024-06-07.

[Xu-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Muyu Xu, Elsie Gonzalez-Hurtado, and Ernest Martinez (April 2016). "Core promoter-specific gene regulation: TATA box selectivity and Initiator-dependent bi-directionality of serum response factor-activated transcription". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms. 1859 (4): 553–563. doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.01.005. Retrieved 2024-06-08.

[Jin-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Victor X Jin, Gregory AC Singer, Francisco J Agosto-Pérez, Sandya Liyanarachchi, and Ramana V Davuluri (2006). "Genome-wide analysis of core promoter elements from conserved human and mouse orthologous pairs". BMC Bioinformatics. 7: 114. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-114. Retrieved 2024-06-09.

[RefSeq3848-4] RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT1 keratin 1 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[RefSeq3858-5] RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT10 keratin 10 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[RefSeq3859-6] RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT12 keratin 12 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-20.

[RefSeq3860-7] RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT13 keratin 13 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.

[RefSeq3861-8] RefSeq (July 2008). "KRT14 keratin 14 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.

[RefSeq3872-9] RefSeq (August 2008). "KRT17 keratin 17 [ Homo sapiens ]". 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2024-06-27.

[RefSeq147183-10] RefSeq (July 2009). "KRT25 keratin 25 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-18.

[RefSeq342574-11] RefSeq (July 2009). "KRT27 keratin 27 [ Homo sapiens ]". Bethsda, Maryland, USA: ncbi.nlm.nih. Retrieved 2024-06-18.

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