Grainy head transcription factor gene transcriptions

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Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Henry A. Hoff

"The defined GRHL1 DNA‐binding consensus sequence (AACCGGTT) was identical to that defined for GRHL3, and also matched the consensus sequence for Drosophila GRH DNA binding, which we had previously identified by alignment of multiple GRH‐responsive gene regulatory regions (Wilanowski et al, 2002; Ting et al, 2005). Of note, the first of the two cytosines and the second of the guanines were invariant in both GRHL1 and GRHL3 CASTing assays."[1]

Human genes

Interactions

Consensus sequences

"The putative GRHL1‐binding motif (GACTGGTT) is perfectly conserved, together with 6 bp upstream and 12 bp downstream flanking sequences, in three of the Dsg1 promoters: mouse Dsg1α, mouse Dsg1γ, and human DSG1 [...]. In the mouse Dsg1β promoter, this motif is slightly different (AACTGGTT), although the flanking sequences are still conserved."[1]

All "GRHL proteins bind to the consensus sequence 5′-AACCGGTT-3′ as a dimer [37,38,39]."[2]

Mouse grainy head samplings

Copying the GRHL1 DNA‐binding consensus sequence AACCGGTT and putting it in "⌘F" finds none located between ZSCAN22 and A1BG and none between ZNF497 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence AACCGGTT (starting with SuccessablesGRH.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

  1. negative strand, negative direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  2. negative strand, positive direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  3. positive strand, negative direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  4. positive strand, positive direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  5. complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  6. complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  7. complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  8. complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  9. inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  10. inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  11. inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  12. inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for AACCGGTT, 0.
  13. inverse negative strand, negative direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  14. inverse negative strand, positive direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  15. inverse positive strand, negative direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.
  16. inverse positive strand, positive direction, looking for TTGGCCAA, 0.

Human grainy head transcription factor samplings

Copying a responsive elements consensus sequence GACTGGTT and putting the sequence in "⌘F" finds none between ZNF497 and A1BG or none between ZSCAN22 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence GACTGGTT (starting with SuccessablesHGH.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

  1. Negative strand, negative direction: 0.
  2. Positive strand, negative direction: 0.
  3. Negative strand, positive direction: 0.
  4. Positive strand, positive direction: 0.
  5. inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction: 0.
  6. inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction: 0.
  7. inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction: 0.
  8. inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction: 0.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tomasz Wilanowski, Jacinta Caddy, Stephen B Ting, Nikki R Hislop, Loretta Cerruti, Alana Auden, Lin‐Lin Zhao, Stephen Asquith, Sarah Ellis, Rodney Sinclair, John M Cunningham and Stephen M Jane (21 February 2008). "Perturbed desmosomal cadherin expression in grainy head‐like 1‐null mice". The EMBO Journal. 27: 886–897. doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.24. PMID 18288204. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
  2. ↑ Felix J. Boivin & Kai M. Schmidt-Ott (15 December 2018). "Functional roles of Grainyhead-like transcription factors in renal development and disease". Pediatric Nephrology. 35: 181–190. doi:10.1007/s00467-018-4171-4. Retrieved 5 January 2021.

External links

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