Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor required for T-cell expression of the interleukin 2 gene. NFAT binds to a sequence in the interleukin 2 gene enhancer known as the antigen receptor response element 2. In addition, NFAT can bind RNA and is an essential component for encapsidation and protein priming of hepatitis B viral polymerase. NFAT is a heterodimer of 45 kDa and 90 kDa proteins, the smaller of which is the product of this gene. The encoded protein binds strongly to the 90 kDa protein and stimulates its ability to enhance gene expression.[2]
ILF2 and ILF3 have been identified as autoantigens in mice with induced lupus,[5][6] in canine systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease,[7][8] and as a rare finding in humans with autoimmune disease.[9]
References
↑Kao PN, Chen L, Brock G, Ng J, Kenny J, Smith AJ, Corthésy B (August 1994). "Cloning and expression of cyclosporin A- and FK506-sensitive nuclear factor of activated T-cells: NF45 and NF90". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (32): 20691–9. PMID7519613.
↑Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP (January 1998). "DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (4): 2136–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136. PMID9442054.
↑Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. PMID10574923.
↑Kuroda Y, Ono N, Akaogi J, Nacionales DC, Yamasaki Y, Barker TT, Reeves WH, Satoh M (February 2006). "Induction of lupus-related specific autoantibodies by non-specific inflammation caused by an intraperitoneal injection of n-hexadecane in BALB/c mice". Toxicology. 218 (2–3): 186–96. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.10.011. PMID16309812.
↑Bremer HD, Landegren N, Sjöberg R, Hallgren Å, Renneker S, Lattwein E, Leonard D, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L, Nordmark G, Nilsson P, Andersson G, Lilliehöök I, Lindblad-Toh K, Kämpe O, Hansson-Hamlin H (March 2018). "ILF2 and ILF3 are autoantigens in canine systemic autoimmune disease". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 4852. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23034-w. PMID29556082.
↑Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. PMID10574923.
Further reading
Maruyama K, Sugano S (January 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID8125298.
Marcoulatos P, Koussidis G, Mamuris Z, Velissariou V, Vamvakopoulos NC (December 1996). "Mapping interleukin enhancer binding factor 2 gene (ILF2) to human chromosome 1 (1q11-qter and 1p11-p12) by polymerase chain reaction amplification of human-rodent somatic cell hybrid DNA templates". Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research. 16 (12): 1035–8. doi:10.1089/jir.1996.16.1035. PMID8974006.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (October 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID9373149.
Ting NS, Kao PN, Chan DW, Lintott LG, Lees-Miller SP (January 1998). "DNA-dependent protein kinase interacts with antigen receptor response element binding proteins NF90 and NF45". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (4): 2136–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.4.2136. PMID9442054.
Langland JO, Kao PN, Jacobs BL (May 1999). "Nuclear factor-90 of activated T-cells: A double-stranded RNA-binding protein and substrate for the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR". Biochemistry. 38 (19): 6361–8. doi:10.1021/bi982410u. PMID10320367.
Satoh M, Shaheen VM, Kao PN, Okano T, Shaw M, Yoshida H, Richards HB, Reeves WH (December 1999). "Autoantibodies define a family of proteins with conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domains as well as DNA binding activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (49): 34598–604. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.49.34598. PMID10574923.
Parker LM, Fierro-Monti I, Mathews MB (August 2001). "Nuclear factor 90 is a substrate and regulator of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (35): 32522–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104408200. PMID11438540.
Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, Leung AK, Lam YW, Steen H, Mann M, Lamond AI (January 2002). "Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus". Current Biology. 12 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9. PMID11790298.
Shin HJ, Kim SS, Cho YH, Lee SG, Rho HM (March 2002). "Host cell proteins binding to the encapsidation signal epsilon in hepatitis B virus RNA". Archives of Virology. 147 (3): 471–91. doi:10.1007/s007050200001. PMID11958450.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (October 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID16189514.
