YY1

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is a transcriptional repressor protein in humans that is encoded by the YY1 gene.

Function

YY1 is a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor belonging to the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. The protein is involved in repressing and activating a diverse number of promoters. Hence, the YY in the name stands for "yin-yang." YY1 may direct histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter, thus implicating histone modification in the function of YY1. YY1 promotes enhancer-promoter chromatin loops by forming dimers and promoting DNA interactions. Its disregulation disrupts enhancer-promoter loops and gene expression.

Clinical significance

YY1 heterozygous deletions, missense, and nonsense mutations cause Gabriele-DeVries syndrome (GADEVS) , an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, feeding problems, intrauterine growth restriction, variable cognitive impairment, behavioral problems and other congenital malformations. It is available a website to share and collect clinical information between clinical doctors and families of mutated indididuals.

Interactions

YY1 has been shown to interact with:

• ATF6,
• EP300,
• FKBP3,
• HDAC3,
• Histone deacetylase 2,
• Myc,
• NOTCH1,
• RYBP, and
• SAP30.
• Seryl-tRNA Synthetase.

Further reading

• Thomas MJ, Seto E (Aug 1999). "Unlocking the mechanisms of transcription factor YY1: are chromatin modifying enzymes the key?". Gene. 236 (2): 197–208. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00261-9. PMID 10452940.
• Park K, Atchison ML (Nov 1991). "Isolation of a candidate repressor/activator, NF-E1 (YY-1, delta), that binds to the immunoglobulin kappa 3' enhancer and the immunoglobulin heavy-chain mu E1 site". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (21): 9804–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.21.9804. PMC 52809. PMID 1946405.
• Yang WM, Inouye CJ, Seto E (Jun 1995). "Cyclophilin A and FKBP12 interact with YY1 and alter its transcriptional activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (25): 15187–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.25.15187. PMID 7541038.
• Lee JS, Galvin KM, See RH, Eckner R, Livingston D, Moran E, Shi Y (May 1995). "Relief of YY1 transcriptional repression by adenovirus E1A is mediated by E1A-associated protein p300". Genes & Development. 9 (10): 1188–98. doi:10.1101/gad.9.10.1188. PMID 7758944.
• Zhou Q, Gedrich RW, Engel DA (Jul 1995). "Transcriptional repression of the c-fos gene by YY1 is mediated by a direct interaction with ATF/CREB". Journal of Virology. 69 (7): 4323–30. PMC 189172. PMID 7769693.
• Shrivastava A, Saleque S, Kalpana GV, Artandi S, Goff SP, Calame K (Dec 1993). "Inhibition of transcriptional regulator Yin-Yang-1 by association with c-Myc". Science. 262 (5141): 1889–92. doi:10.1126/science.8266081. PMID 8266081.
• Becker KG, Swergold GD, Ozato K, Thayer RE (Oct 1993). "Binding of the ubiquitous nuclear transcription factor YY1 to a cis regulatory sequence in the human LINE-1 transposable element". Human Molecular Genetics. 2 (10): 1697–702. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.10.1697. PMID 8268924.
• Margolis DM, Somasundaran M, Green MR (Feb 1994). "Human transcription factor YY1 represses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription and virion production". Journal of Virology. 68 (2): 905–10. PMC 236527. PMID 8289393.
• Lee JS, Galvin KM, Shi Y (Jul 1993). "Evidence for physical interaction between the zinc-finger transcription factors YY1 and Sp1". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (13): 6145–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.13.6145. PMC 46884. PMID 8327494.
• Yang WM, Inouye C, Zeng Y, Bearss D, Seto E (Nov 1996). "Transcriptional repression by YY1 is mediated by interaction with a mammalian homolog of the yeast global regulator RPD3". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (23): 12845–50. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.23.12845. PMC 24008. PMID 8917507.
• Houbaviy HB, Usheva A, Shenk T, Burley SK (Nov 1996). "Cocrystal structure of YY1 bound to the adeno-associated virus P5 initiator". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (24): 13577–82. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13577. PMC 19349. PMID 8942976.
• Kalenik JL, Chen D, Bradley ME, Chen SJ, Lee TC (Feb 1997). "Yeast two-hybrid cloning of a novel zinc finger protein that interacts with the multifunctional transcription factor YY1". Nucleic Acids Research. 25 (4): 843–9. doi:10.1093/nar/25.4.843. PMC 146511. PMID 9016636.
• Cole EG, Gaston K (Sep 1997). "A functional YY1 binding site is necessary and sufficient to activate Surf-1 promoter activity in response to serum growth factors". Nucleic Acids Research. 25 (18): 3705–11. doi:10.1093/nar/25.18.3705. PMC 146936. PMID 9278494.
• Yang WM, Yao YL, Sun JM, Davie JR, Seto E (Oct 1997). "Isolation and characterization of cDNAs corresponding to an additional member of the human histone deacetylase gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (44): 28001–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.44.28001. PMID 9346952.
• Romerio F, Gabriel MN, Margolis DM (Dec 1997). "Repression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through the novel cooperation of human factors YY1 and LSF". Journal of Virology. 71 (12): 9375–82. PMC 230241. PMID 9371597.
• McNeil S, Guo B, Stein JL, Lian JB, Bushmeyer S, Seto E, Atchison ML, Penman S, van Wijnen AJ, Stein GS (Mar 1998). "Targeting of the YY1 transcription factor to the nucleolus and the nuclear matrix in situ: the C-terminus is a principal determinant for nuclear trafficking". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 68 (4): 500–10. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19980315)68:4<500::AID-JCB9>3.0.CO;2-U. PMID 9493912.
• Viles JH, Patel SU, Mitchell JB, Moody CM, Justice DE, Uppenbrink J, Doyle PM, Harris CJ, Sadler PJ, Thornton JM (Jun 1998). "Design, synthesis and structure of a zinc finger with an artificial beta-turn". Journal of Molecular Biology. 279 (4): 973–86. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.1764. PMID 9642075.
• Yao YL, Dupont BR, Ghosh S, Fang Y, Leach RJ, Seto E (Aug 1998). "Cloning, chromosomal localization and promoter analysis of the human transcription factor YY1". Nucleic Acids Research. 26 (16): 3776–83. doi:10.1093/nar/26.16.3776. PMC 147783. PMID 9685495.

External links

• FactorBook YY1