This intronless gene encodes a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate. The encoded protein may act as a transcriptional regulator after forming a protein complex with other proteins, such as syndecan binding protein (syntenin). The protein may function in the apoptosis pathway leading to cell death as well as to tumorigenesis and may mediate downstream effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) in bone development. The solution structure has been resolved for the HMG-box of a similar mouse protein.[3]
Sox4 is expressed in lymphocytes (B and T) and is required for B lymphocyte development.[4]
↑Farr CJ, Easty DJ, Ragoussis J, Collignon J, Lovell-Badge R, Goodfellow PN (January 1994). "Characterization and mapping of the human SOX4 gene". Mamm Genome. 4 (10): 577–84. doi:10.1007/BF00361388. PMID8268656.
↑Critcher R, Stitson RN, Wade-Martins R, Easty DJ, Farr CJ (October 1998). "Assignment of Sox4 to mouse chromosome 13 bands A3-A5 by fluorescence in situ hybridization; refinement of the human SOX4 location to 6p22.3 and of SOX20 to chromosome 17p12.3". Cytogenet Cell Genet. 81 (3–4): 294–5. doi:10.1159/000015052. PMID9730625.
↑Smith E, Sigvardsson M (2004). "The roles of transcription factors in B lymphocyte commitment, development, and transformation". J. Leukoc. Biol. 75 (6): 973–81. doi:10.1189/jlb.1103554. PMID14982952.
↑Geijsen N, Uings IJ, Pals C, Armstrong J, McKinnon M, Raaijmakers JA, Lammers JW, Koenderman L, Coffer PJ (August 2001). "Cytokine-specific transcriptional regulation through an IL-5Ralpha interacting protein". Science. 293 (5532): 1136–8. doi:10.1126/science.1059157. PMID11498591.
Further reading
Kamachi Y, Uchikawa M, Kondoh H (2000). "Pairing SOX off: with partners in the regulation of embryonic development". Trends Genet. 16 (4): 182–7. doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(99)01955-1. PMID10729834.
Bowles J, Schepers G, Koopman P (2001). "Phylogeny of the SOX family of developmental transcription factors based on sequence and structural indicators". Dev. Biol. 227 (2): 239–55. doi:10.1006/dbio.2000.9883. PMID11071752.
Wilson M, Koopman P (2003). "Matching SOX: partner proteins and co-factors of the SOX family of transcriptional regulators". Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 12 (4): 441–6. doi:10.1016/S0959-437X(02)00323-4. PMID12100890.
Schepers GE, Teasdale RD, Koopman P (2002). "Twenty pairs of sox: extent, homology, and nomenclature of the mouse and human sox transcription factor gene families". Dev. Cell. 3 (2): 167–70. doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00223-X. PMID12194848.
Wotton D, Lake RA, Farr CJ, Owen MJ (1995). "The high mobility group transcription factor, SOX4, transactivates the human CD2 enhancer". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (13): 7515–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.13.7515. PMID7706298.
van Houte LP, Chuprina VP, van der Wetering M, Boelens R, Kaptein R, Clevers H (1996). "Solution structure of the sequence-specific HMG box of the lymphocyte transcriptional activator Sox-4". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (51): 30516–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.51.30516. PMID8530483.
Ahn SG, Cho GH, Jeong SY, Rhim H, Choi JY, Kim IK (1999). "Identification of cDNAs for Sox-4, an HMG-Box protein, and a novel human homolog of yeast splicing factor SSF-1 differentially regulated during apoptosis induced by prostaglandin A2/delta12-PGJ2 in Hep3B cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 260 (1): 216–21. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0856. PMID10381369.
van Beest M, Dooijes D, van De Wetering M, Kjaerulff S, Bonvin A, Nielsen O, Clevers H (2000). "Sequence-specific high mobility group box factors recognize 10-12-base pair minor groove motifs". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (35): 27266–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004102200. PMID10867006.
Reppe S, Rian E, Jemtland R, Olstad OK, Gautvik VT, Gautvik KM (2001). "Sox-4 messenger RNA is expressed in the embryonic growth plate and regulated via the parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor in osteoblast-like cells". J. Bone Miner. Res. 15 (12): 2402–12. doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.12.2402. PMID11127205.
Geijsen N, Uings IJ, Pals C, Armstrong J, McKinnon M, Raaijmakers JA, Lammers JW, Koenderman L, Coffer PJ (2001). "Cytokine-specific transcriptional regulation through an IL-5Ralpha interacting protein". Science. 293 (5532): 1136–8. doi:10.1126/science.1059157. PMID11498591.
Lee CJ, Appleby VJ, Orme AT, Chan WI, Scotting PJ (2003). "Differential expression of SOX4 and SOX11 in medulloblastoma". J. Neurooncol. 57 (3): 201–14. doi:10.1023/A:1015773818302. PMID12125983.
Ahn SG, Kim HS, Jeong SW, Kim BE, Rhim H, Shim JY, Kim JW, Lee JH, Kim IK (2003). "Sox-4 is a positive regulator of Hep3B and HepG2 cells' apoptosis induced by prostaglandin (PG)A(2) and delta(12)-PGJ(2)". Experimental & Molecular Medicine. 34 (3): 243–9. doi:10.1038/emm.2002.34. PMID12216117.