DNA damage-inducible transcript 3

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
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View/Edit Human

DNA damage-inducible transcript 3, also known as C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), is a pro-apoptotic transcription factor that is encoded by the DDIT3 gene.

Interactions

DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 has been shown to interact with [proteins]:

• ATF3,
• C-Fos,
• C-jun and
• CEBPB,
• CSNK2A1,
• JunD, and
• RPS3A.

Clinical significance

During endoplasmic reticulum stress (such as occurs in beta cells of the pancreas or in macrophages causing atherosclerosis), CHOP can induce activation of Ero1, causing calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm, resulting in apoptosis. CHOP also induces apoptosis during endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34.

Mutations or fusions of CHOP (e.g. with FUS to form FUS-CHOP) can cause Myxoid liposarcoma.

Further reading

• Ramji DP, Foka P (2002). "CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins: structure, function and regulation". Biochem. J. 365 (Pt 3): 561–75. doi:10.1042/BJ20020508. PMC 1222736. PMID 12006103.
• Oyadomari S, Mori M (2004). "Roles of CHOP/GADD153 in endoplasmic reticulum stress". Cell Death Differ. 11 (4): 381–9. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401373. PMID 14685163.
• Aman P, Ron D, Mandahl N, et al. (1993). "Rearrangement of the transcription factor gene CHOP in myxoid liposarcomas with t(12;16)(q13;p11)". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 5 (4): 278–85. doi:10.1002/gcc.2870050403. PMID 1283316.
• Park JS, Luethy JD, Wang MG, et al. (1992). "Isolation, characterization and chromosomal localization of the human GADD153 gene". Gene. 116 (2): 259–67. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90523-R. PMID 1339368.
• Ron D, Habener JF (1992). "CHOP, a novel developmentally regulated nuclear protein that dimerizes with transcription factors C/EBP and LAP and functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor of gene transcription". Genes Dev. 6 (3): 439–53. doi:10.1101/gad.6.3.439. PMID 1547942.
• Eneroth M, Mandahl N, Heim S, et al. (1990). "Localization of the chromosomal breakpoints of the t(12;16) in liposarcoma to subbands 12q13.3 and 16p11.2". Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 48 (1): 101–7. doi:10.1016/0165-4608(90)90222-V. PMID 2372777.
• Rabbitts TH, Forster A, Larson R, Nathan P (1993). "Fusion of the dominant negative transcription regulator CHOP with a novel gene FUS by translocation t(12;16) in malignant liposarcoma". Nat. Genet. 4 (2): 175–80. doi:10.1038/ng0693-175. PMID 7503811.
• Crozat A, Aman P, Mandahl N, Ron D (1993). "Fusion of CHOP to a novel RNA-binding protein in human myxoid liposarcoma". Nature. 363 (6430): 640–4. doi:10.1038/363640a0. PMID 8510758.
• Chen BP, Wolfgang CD, Hai T (1996). "Analysis of ATF3, a transcription factor induced by physiological stresses and modulated by gadd153/Chop10". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (3): 1157–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.16.3.1157. PMC 231098. PMID 8622660.
• Wang XZ, Ron D (1996). "Stress-induced phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor CHOP (GADD153) by p38 MAP Kinase". Science. 272 (5266): 1347–9. doi:10.1126/science.272.5266.1347. PMID 8650547.
• Fawcett TW, Eastman HB, Martindale JL, Holbrook NJ (1996). "Physical and functional association between GADD153 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta during cellular stress". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (24): 14285–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.24.14285. PMID 8662954.
• Ubeda M, Vallejo M, Habener JF (1999). "CHOP enhancement of gene transcription by interactions with Jun/Fos AP-1 complex proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (11): 7589–99. PMC 84780. PMID 10523647.
• Cui K, Coutts M, Stahl J, Sytkowski AJ (2000). "Novel interaction between the transcription factor CHOP (GADD153) and the ribosomal protein FTE/S3a modulates erythropoiesis". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (11): 7591–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.11.7591. PMID 10713066.
• Gotoh T, Oyadomari S, Mori K, Mori M (2002). "Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving ATF6 and CHOP". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 12343–50. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107988200. PMID 11805088.
• Satoh T, Toyoda M, Hoshino H, et al. (2002). "Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma stimulates the growth arrest and DNA-damage inducible 153 gene in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells". Oncogene. 21 (14): 2171–80. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205279. PMID 11948400.
• Qiao D, Im E, Qi W, Martinez JD (2002). "Activator protein-1 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein mediated GADD153 expression is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1583 (1): 108–16. doi:10.1016/s1388-1981(02)00190-7. PMID 12069855.
• Talukder AH, Wang RA, Kumar R (2002). "Expression and transactivating functions of the bZIP transcription factor GADD153 in mammary epithelial cells". Oncogene. 21 (27): 4289–300. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205529. PMID 12082616.

External links

• DDIT3+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.